--- title: In the mirror test a mark is put where an animal can see it only in… — How scientists test animal minds: the mirror tes… · tree and pragmatics description: In the mirror test a mark is put where an animal can see it only in a mirror; touching the mark on its own body suggests it knows the reflection is itself. Who acts: animal, touching, reflection. A sentence of the lesson «How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Han --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How scientists test animal minds: the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/) / 8 # How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans, sentence 8 In the mirror test a mark is put where an animal can see it only in a mirror; touching the mark on its own body suggests it knows the reflection is itself. **Who acts:** animal, touching, reflection · **What happens:** put, see, touch, suggest, know, be · **To what, where:** mark, mirror test, test, mirror, animal · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (animal, touching, reflection), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans.lesson:8 # text = In the mirror test a mark is put where an animal can see it only in a mirror; touching the mark on its own body suggests it knows the reflection is itself. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 In in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 mirror mirror NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 test test NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 mark mark NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj:pass _ _ 7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 put put VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 9 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 13 advmod _ _ 10 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 12 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 advcl _ _ 14 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obj _ _ 15 only only ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 mirror mirror NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 touching touch VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 27 csubj _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 mark mark NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 23 on on ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ _ 25 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:nmod 27 suggests suggest VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ _ 28 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 29 knows know VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 ccomp _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 reflection reflection NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 32 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 cop _ _ 33 itself itself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes 29 ccomp _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **put** | present · passive | | a mark | | the mirror test | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in test=Destination | | 2 | **see** | can | a animal | test | | a mirror | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | | 3 | **touch** | gerund | | the mark | | | | on animal's own body | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.theme PP.instrument»: agent=Agent mark=Experiencer on body=Theme | | 4 | **suggest** *speech: suggest* | present | touching | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **know** | present | animal | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 6 | **is a** | present | the reflection | animal | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How scientists test animal minds: the…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/7/) - next →: [How scientists test animal minds: the…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/)