--- title: Chinstrap penguins guarding nests were reported to take over ten tho… — How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standin… · tree and pragmatics description: Chinstrap penguins guarding nests were reported to take over ten thousand tiny naps a day, each a few seconds long, adding up to about eleven hours. Who acts: Chinstrap penguins. A sentence of the lesson «How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing horses, short-sleeping giraffes and birds tha --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphin…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/) / 14 # How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing horses, short-sleeping giraffes and birds that nap in the air, sentence 14 Chinstrap penguins guarding nests were reported to take over ten thousand tiny naps a day, each a few seconds long, adding up to about eleven hours. **Who acts:** Chinstrap penguins · **What happens:** guard, report, take over, add up · **To what, where:** nests, Chinstrap penguins, thousand tiny naps This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing horses, short-sleeping giraffes and birds that nap in the air» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chinstrap penguins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air.lesson:14 # text = Chinstrap penguins guarding nests were reported to take over ten thousand tiny naps a day, each a few seconds long, adding up to about eleven hours. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 Chinstrap chinstrap NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 penguins penguin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 guarding guard VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 acl _ _ 4 nests nest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 6 reported report VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 xcomp _ _ 9 over over ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:compound:prt|HaikuPos=ADP:RP:_ 10 ten ten NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 11 compound _ _ 11 thousand thousand NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 nummod _ _ 12 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 naps nap NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod:unmarked _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 each each PRON DT PronType=Tot 21 nsubj _ _ 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 seconds second NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obl:unmarked _ _ 21 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 advcl _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 adding add VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 8 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:conj 24 up up ADP RP _ 23 compound:prt _ _ 25 to to ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 26 about about ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 eleven eleven NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 28 nummod _ _ 28 hours hour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obl _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **guard** | gerund | Chinstrap penguins *not said here* | nests | | | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nest=Beneficiary | | 2 | **report** | past · passive | | Chinstrap penguins | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **take over** | to-infinitive | | thousand tiny naps a day | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nap=Theme | | 4 | **add up** *speech: assert* | gerund | | | | | hour | | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphin…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/13/) - next →: [How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphin…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/)