--- title: Ducks at the ends of a row keep the outward eye open, frigatebirds n… — How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standin… · tree and pragmatics description: Ducks at the ends of a row keep the outward eye open, frigatebirds nap for seconds while gliding over the ocean, and horses doze standing up so they can run if danger comes. Who acts: Ducks, frigatebirds, horses, danger. A sentence of the lesson «How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing hor --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphin…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/) / 3 # How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing horses, short-sleeping giraffes and birds that nap in the air, sentence 3 Ducks at the ends of a row keep the outward eye open, frigatebirds nap for seconds while gliding over the ocean, and horses doze standing up so they can run if danger comes. **Who acts:** Ducks, frigatebirds, horses, danger · **What happens:** keep, nap, glide, doze, stand up, run · **To what, where:** outward eye, ocean This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing horses, short-sleeping giraffes and birds that nap in the air» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ducks, frigatebirds, horses, danger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air.lesson:3 # text = Ducks at the ends of a row keep the outward eye open, frigatebirds nap for seconds while gliding over the ocean, and horses doze standing up so they can run if danger comes. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Ducks duck NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 2 at at ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 ends end NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 nmod _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 row row NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 8 keep keep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 outward outward ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 eye eye NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 12 open open ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 xcomp _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 frigatebirds frigatebird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 15 nap nap VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 16 for for ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 seconds second NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:nmod 18 while while SCONJ IN _ 19 mark _ _ 19 gliding glide VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 15 advcl _ _ 20 over over ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 ocean ocean NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=27:punct 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 25 horses horse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 26 doze doze VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 27 standing stand VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 26 xcomp _ _ 28 up up ADV RB _ 27 compound:prt _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=27:advmod 29 so so SCONJ IN _ 32 mark _ _ 30 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 31 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 run run VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 advcl _ _ 33 if if SCONJ IN _ 35 mark _ _ 34 danger danger NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 35 comes come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 advcl _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **keep** | present | Ducks at the ends of a row | the outward eye | | | | open *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Theme | | 2 | **nap** | present | frigatebirds | | | | second | | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **glide** | gerund | frigatebirds *not said here* | | | the ocean | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over ocean=Trajectory | | 4 | **doze** | present | horses | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **stand up** | gerund | horses *not said here* | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **run** | can | horses *= horse* | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **come** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | danger | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphin…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/1/) - next →: [How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphin…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/)