--- title: But we cannot ask an animal what it saw, so whether animals dream li… — Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats… · tree and pragmatics description: But we cannot ask an animal what it saw, so whether animals dream like us is a careful guess, not a fact. Who acts: we, dog, animals. A sentence of the lesson «Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its depe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, repl…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/) / 6 # Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses, sentence 6 But we cannot ask an animal what it saw, so whether animals dream like us is a careful guess, not a fact. **Who acts:** we, dog, animals · **What happens:** not ask, see, dream, be · **To what, where:** animal, careful guess · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, dog, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses.lesson:6 # text = But we cannot ask an animal what it saw, so whether animals dream like us is a careful guess, not a fact. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 But but CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 2 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 3 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 4 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 5 ask ask VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 10 obj _ _ 9 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 ccomp _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 so so ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 13 whether whether SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 14 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 15 dream dream VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 csubj _ _ 16 like like ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ _ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 cop _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 careful careful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 guess guess NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 25 advmod _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 fact fact NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=21:parataxis 26 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **ask** *speech: ask* | can | we | | a animal | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent animal=Recipient clause=Topic | | 2 | **see** | past | dog | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus | | 3 | **dream** | present | animals | | | | | like us | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is a** | present | | a careful guess and a fact | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, repl…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/5/) - next →: [Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, repl…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/)