--- title: Foxgloves, tall spikes of purple finger-shaped bells, are poisonous… — Poisonous plants to stay away from: berries, fox… · tree and pragmatics description: Foxgloves, tall spikes of purple finger-shaped bells, are poisonous because chemicals in them change how the heart beats; the same chemicals, carefully measured by doctors, became an old heart medicine. Who acts: Foxgloves, chemicals, heart, same chemicals. A sentence of the lesson «Poisonous plants --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Poisonous plants to stay away from: be…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade/) / 11 # Poisonous plants to stay away from: berries, foxglove, yew and nightshade, sentence 11 Foxgloves, tall spikes of purple finger-shaped bells, are poisonous because chemicals in them change how the heart beats; the same chemicals, carefully measured by doctors, became an old heart medicine. **Who acts:** Foxgloves, chemicals, heart, same chemicals, purple shaped bells · **What happens:** shape, be, change, beat, measure, become · **To what, where:** finger, same chemicals, old heart medicine This is a sentence of the lesson «Poisonous plants to stay away from: berries, foxglove, yew and nightshade» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Foxgloves, chemicals, heart, same chemicals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade.lesson:11 # text = Foxgloves, tall spikes of purple finger-shaped bells, are poisonous because chemicals in them change how the heart beats; the same chemicals, carefully measured by doctors, became an old heart medicine. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Foxgloves foxglove NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 3 tall tall ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 spikes spike NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 conj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 6 purple purple ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 7 finger finger NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl:unmarked _ _ 8 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 7 punct _ _ 9 shaped shape VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=10:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 10 bells bell NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 12 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 cop _ _ 13 poisonous poisonous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 14 because because SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 15 chemicals chemical NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod _ _ 18 change change VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 advcl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=13:advcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 19 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 22 advmod _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 beats beat VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 chemicals chemical NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 28 carefully carefully ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 29 measured measure VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 26 acl:relcl _ _ 30 by by ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 doctors doctor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obl _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 33 became become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 34 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 35 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 36 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 compound _ _ 37 medicine medicine NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 xcomp _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **shape** | participle | | finger | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | | 2 | **is** | present | Foxgloves and tall spikes of purple shaped bells | | | | | poisonous *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **change** | present | chemicals in Foxgloves | | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **beat** | present | the heart | | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **measure** | participle | | the same chemicals *not said here* | | | | by doctors; carefully *property* | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **become** | past | the same chemicals | a old heart medicine | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 7 | **spike** | | purple shaped bells | | | | | | nom spike «event intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Poisonous plants to stay away from: be…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade/10/) - next →: [Poisonous plants to stay away from: be…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade/)