---
title: The European hornet is the biggest wasp in Ukraine and is usually ca… — Mushrooms and creatures to avoid in the woods: d… · tree and pragmatics
description: The European hornet is the biggest wasp in Ukraine and is usually calmer than small wasps; it stings only if its nest is disturbed or it is squashed or grabbed, so walk calmly away from nests. Who acts: European hornet, hornet. A sentence of the lesson «Mushrooms and creatures to avoid in the woods:
---

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# Mushrooms and creatures to avoid in the woods: death caps, adders, ticks and hornets, sentence 19

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The European hornet is the biggest wasp in Ukraine and is usually calmer than small wasps; it stings only if its nest is disturbed or it is squashed or grabbed, so walk calmly away from nests.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** European hornet, hornet · **What happens:** be, sting, disturb, squash, grab, walk away · **To what, where:** biggest wasp, Ukraine, nest, hornet, nests

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Mushrooms and creatures to avoid in the woods: death caps, adders, ticks and hornets» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (European hornet, hornet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:393-mushrooms-and-creatures-to-avoid-in-the-woods-death-caps-adders-ticks-and-hornets.lesson:19
# text = The European hornet is the biggest wasp in Ukraine and is usually calmer than small wasps; it stings only if its nest is disturbed or it is squashed or grabbed, so walk calmly away from nests.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 393-mushrooms-and-creatures-to-avoid-in-the-woods-death-caps-adders-ticks-and-hornets.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	hornet	hornet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	biggest	big	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	wasp	wasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	calmer	calm	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	conj	_	_
14	than	than	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	wasps	wasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	stings	sting	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:conj
20	only	only	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
21	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
22	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux:pass	_	_
25	disturbed	disturb	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	advcl	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	squashed	squash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	conj	_	_
30	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	grabbed	grab	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	conj	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	so	so	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
34	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	parataxis	_	_
35	calmly	calmly	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=36:advmod
36	away	away	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
37	from	from	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	nests	nest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the European hornet | the biggest wasp |  | Ukraine |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | the European hornet *not said here* |  |  |  |  | than small wasps; calm, usually *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **sting** | present | hornet |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **disturb** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · passive |  | hornet's nest |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 5 | **squash** | present · passive |  | hornet |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 6 | **grab** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **walk away** | infinitive |  |  |  | nests |  | away, calmly *property* | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from nest=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:393-mushrooms-and-creatures-to-avoid-in-the-woods-death-caps-adders-ticks-and-hornets.lesson:19`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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