--- title: Drones are small flying cameras that film animals from above without… — How nature documentaries are made: hides, camera… · tree and pragmatics description: Drones are small flying cameras that film animals from above without a helicopter; they are quieter but must be flown carefully so animals, especially nesting birds, are not scared. Who acts: Drones, small flying cameras, animals. A sentence of the lesson «How nature documentaries are made: hides, c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How nature documentaries are made: hid…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting/) / 12 # How nature documentaries are made: hides, camera traps, drones and years of waiting, sentence 12 Drones are small flying cameras that film animals from above without a helicopter; they are quieter but must be flown carefully so animals, especially nesting birds, are not scared. **Who acts:** Drones, small flying cameras, animals · **What happens:** fly, be, film, nest, not be · **To what, where:** small flying cameras, animals This is a sentence of the lesson «How nature documentaries are made: hides, camera traps, drones and years of waiting» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Drones, small flying cameras, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting.lesson:12 # text = Drones are small flying cameras that film animals from above without a helicopter; they are quieter but must be flown carefully so animals, especially nesting birds, are not scared. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Drones drone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 4 flying fly VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 amod _ _ 5 cameras camera NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 6 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 7 nsubj _ _ 7 film film VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 8 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obj _ _ 9 from from ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 above above ADV RB _ 8 nmod _ _ 11 without without ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 helicopter helicopter NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 15 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 16 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 cop _ _ 17 quieter quiet ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 5 parataxis _ _ 18 but but CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 19 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 20 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 21 aux:pass _ _ 21 flown fly VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 conj _ _ 22 carefully carefully ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 23 so so SCONJ IN _ 32 mark _ _ 24 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nsubj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 especially especially ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 27 nesting nest VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 28 amod _ _ 28 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nmod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 30 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 cop _ _ 31 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 32 advmod _ _ 32 scared scared ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 advcl _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fly** | gerund | | | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **is a** | present | Drones | small flying cameras | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **film** | present | small flying cameras | animals | | | | without a helicopter | vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme | | 4 | **is** | present | drones *= drone* | | | | | quiet *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **fly** | must · passive | drones *= drone* *not said here* | | | | | carefully *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V» | | 6 | **nest** | gerund | | | | | | | vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **not** **is** | present | animals nesting birds | | | | | scared *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How nature documentaries are made: hid…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting/10/) - next →: [How nature documentaries are made: hid…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting/)