---
title: A single scene of a rare animal can take years to film, because weat… — How nature documentaries are made: hides, camera… · tree and pragmatics
description: A single scene of a rare animal can take years to film, because weather, luck and the animal must all be right; an hour-long programme may be made from hundreds of hours of film, and most is never shown. Who acts: single scene, weather. A sentence of the lesson «How nature documentaries are made: hi
---

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# How nature documentaries are made: hides, camera traps, drones and years of waiting, sentence 16

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A single scene of a rare animal can take years to film, because weather, luck and the animal must all be right; an hour-long programme may be made from hundreds of hours of film, and most is never shown.

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**Who acts:** single scene, weather · **What happens:** take, film, be, make, not show · **To what, where:** long programme, hundreds, most

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «How nature documentaries are made: hides, camera traps, drones and years of waiting» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (single scene, weather), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting.lesson:16
# text = A single scene of a rare animal can take years to film, because weather, luck and the animal must all be right; an hour-long programme may be made from hundreds of hours of film, and most is never shown.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	scene	scene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	rare	rare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	film	film	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
14	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
15	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	luck	luck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
21	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
22	all	all	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	cop	_	_
24	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	advcl	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
26	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
27	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	_
29	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	programme	programme	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
32	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	aux:pass	_	_
33	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	parataxis	_	_
34	from	from	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obl	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nmod	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
42	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	45	nsubj:pass	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=45:nsubj:pass|HaikuPos=PRON:JJS:_
43	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	45	aux:pass	_	_
44	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	45	advmod	_	_
45	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	conj	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | can | a single scene of a rare animal |  |  |  | year |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **film** | to-infinitive | a single scene of a rare animal *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | must | weather and luck and the animal |  |  |  |  | all, right *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | may · passive |  | a long programme |  | hundreds of hours of film |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from hundred=Material |
| 5 | **not** **show** | present · passive |  | most |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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