--- title: The cheetah is the fastest land animal, reaching about 100 km per ho… — The savanna: grass, trees and the great herds · tree and pragmatics description: The cheetah is the fastest land animal, reaching about 100 km per hour in short bursts, but it tires after a few hundred metres and often loses its catch to lions or hyenas. Who acts: cheetah, evidence. A sentence of the lesson «The savanna: grass, trees and the great herds» of the biology course of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/4-the-savanna/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The savanna: grass, trees and the grea…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/4-the-savanna/) / 9 # The savanna: grass, trees and the great herds, sentence 9 The cheetah is the fastest land animal, reaching about 100 km per hour in short bursts, but it tires after a few hundred metres and often loses its catch to lions or hyenas. **Who acts:** cheetah, evidence · **What happens:** be, reach, tire, lose · **To what, where:** fastest land animal, 100 km, short bursts, catch This is a sentence of the lesson «The savanna: grass, trees and the great herds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cheetah, evidence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:004-the-savanna.lesson:9 # text = The cheetah is the fastest land animal, reaching about 100 km per hour in short bursts, but it tires after a few hundred metres and often loses its catch to lions or hyenas. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 004-the-savanna.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 cheetah cheetah NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 5 fastest fast ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 7 amod _ _ 6 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 reaching reach VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:acl 10 about about ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 11 100 100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 12 nummod _ _ 12 km km NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 13 per per ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 hour hour NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 15 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 bursts burst NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:nmod 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 but but CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 21 tires tire VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:advcl 22 after after ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 24 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 25 hundred hundred NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 26 nummod _ _ 26 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obl _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 28 often often ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 29 loses lose VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 30 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ _ 31 catch catch NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ _ 32 to to ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 lions lion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=31:nmod 34 or or CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 hyenas hyena NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 conj _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the cheetah | the fastest land animal | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **reach** | gerund | the cheetah *not said here* | 100 km | | short bursts | per hour | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent km=Theme | | 3 | **tire** | present | evidence | | | | after a few hundred metres | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus | | 4 | **lose** | present | evidence *not said here* | evidence's catch | | | | to lions or hyenas; often *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent catch=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:004-the-savanna.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The savanna: grass, trees and the grea…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/4-the-savanna/8/) - next →: [The savanna: grass, trees and the grea…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/4-the-savanna/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/4-the-savanna/)