---
title: Every adult insect has exactly six legs in three pairs, all fixed to… — Counting animals: legs, arms, wings and tails · tree and pragmatics
description: Every adult insect has exactly six legs in three pairs, all fixed to the thorax; a caterpillar has six true legs at the front, and its stumpy back «legs» are fleshy grippers, not true legs. Who acts: adult insect, six legs, caterpillar. A sentence of the lesson «Counting animals: legs, arms, wings a
---

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# Counting animals: legs, arms, wings and tails, sentence 5

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Every adult insect has exactly six legs in three pairs, all fixed to the thorax; a caterpillar has six true legs at the front, and its stumpy back «legs» are fleshy grippers, not true legs.

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**Who acts:** adult insect, six legs, caterpillar · **What happens:** have, fix, be · **To what, where:** six legs, three pairs, all, six true legs, front, fleshy grippers

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Counting animals: legs, arms, wings and tails» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (adult insect, six legs, caterpillar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:040-counting-legs-arms-wings-and-tails.lesson:5
# text = Every adult insect has exactly six legs in three pairs, all fixed to the thorax; a caterpillar has six true legs at the front, and its stumpy back «legs» are fleshy grippers, not true legs.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 040-counting-legs-arms-wings-and-tails.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	adult	adult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	insect	insect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	pairs	pair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	all	all	PRON	DT	PronType=Tot	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	thorax	thorax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj
21	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	nummod	_	_
22	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
24	at	at	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=23:nmod
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
29	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
30	stumpy	stumpy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
31	back	back	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
32	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	33	punct	_	_
33	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
34	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	33	punct	_	_
35	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	cop	_	_
36	fleshy	fleshy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	grippers	gripper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	appos	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
39	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	41	advmod	_	_
40	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	conj	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | every adult insect | six legs |  | three pairs |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fix** | participle · passive | six legs *not said here* | all |  |  |  | to the thorax | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Patient to thorax=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **have** | present | a caterpillar | six true legs |  | the front |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient |
| 4 | **is a** | present |  | fleshy grippers and true legs |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:040-counting-legs-arms-wings-and-tails.lesson:5`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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