---
title: A real common toad walks rather than hops, eats slugs, beetles and w… — The real animals of the river bank: the water vo… · tree and pragmatics
description: A real common toad walks rather than hops, eats slugs, beetles and worms, and spends the winter asleep under logs or in compost heaps before walking back to its pond in spring. Who acts: common toad. A sentence of the lesson «The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mole, the otter, t
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds/20/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The real animals of the river bank: th…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds/) / 20

# The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mole, the otter, the toad and the river birds, sentence 20

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A real common toad walks rather than hops, eats slugs, beetles and worms, and spends the winter asleep under logs or in compost heaps before walking back to its pond in spring.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** common toad · **What happens:** walk, eat, spend, walk back · **To what, where:** slugs, pond

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mole, the otter, the toad and the river birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (common toad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds.lesson:20
# text = A real common toad walks rather than hops, eats slugs, beetles and worms, and spends the winter asleep under logs or in compost heaps before walking back to its pond in spring.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:det
2	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:amod
4	toad	toad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:compound
5	walks	walk	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	rather	rather	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	8	cc	_	_
7	than	than	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	hops	hop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBZ:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	slugs	slug	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	beetles	beetle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	worms	worm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	spends	spend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	_
22	under	under	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	logs	log	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	compost	compost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	_
28	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
29	walking	walk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	advcl	_	_
30	back	back	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
31	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | present | a common toad |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **eat** | present | a common toad *not said here* | slugs and beetles and worms |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slug=Patient |
| 3 | **spend** | present | a common toad *not said here* |  |  |  | winter | asleep *property* | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **walk back** | gerund | a common toad *not said here* | Toad's pond |  |  | spring |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme pond=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds.lesson:20`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [The real animals of the river bank: th…, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds/19/)
- next →: [The real animals of the Just So Storie…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/404-the-real-animals-of-the-just-so-stories-whale-camel-rhino-leopard-elephant-kangaroo-armadillo-crab/0/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds/)