--- title: Kangaroos were hopping for millions of years before dingoes reached… — The real animals of the Just So Stories: the wha… · tree and pragmatics description: Kangaroos were hopping for millions of years before dingoes reached Australia, probably with seafaring people at least 3,500 years ago, so the Dingo cannot have given the Kangaroo its legs. Who acts: Kangaroos, dingoes, Dingo. A sentence of the lesson «The real animals of the Just So Stories: the wh --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/404-the-real-animals-of-the-just-so-stories-whale-camel-rhino-leopard-elephant-kangaroo-armadillo-crab/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The real animals of the Just So Storie…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/404-the-real-animals-of-the-just-so-stories-whale-camel-rhino-leopard-elephant-kangaroo-armadillo-crab/) / 16 # The real animals of the Just So Stories: the whale, camel, rhino, leopard, elephant, kangaroo, armadillo and crab, sentence 16 Kangaroos were hopping for millions of years before dingoes reached Australia, probably with seafaring people at least 3,500 years ago, so the Dingo cannot have given the Kangaroo its legs. **Who acts:** Kangaroos, dingoes, Dingo · **What happens:** hop, reach, not give · **To what, where:** Australia, legs, Kangaroo This is a sentence of the lesson «The real animals of the Just So Stories: the whale, camel, rhino, leopard, elephant, kangaroo, armadillo and crab» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kangaroos, dingoes, Dingo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:404-the-real-animals-of-the-just-so-stories-whale-camel-rhino-leopard-elephant-kangaroo-armadillo-crab.lesson:16 # text = Kangaroos were hopping for millions of years before dingoes reached Australia, probably with seafaring people at least 3,500 years ago, so the Dingo cannot have given the Kangaroo its legs. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 404-the-real-animals-of-the-just-so-stories-whale-camel-rhino-leopard-elephant-kangaroo-armadillo-crab.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×3 1 Kangaroos kangaroo PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 2 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 hopping hop VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 for for ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nmod _ _ 8 before before SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 9 dingoes dingo NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 10 reached reach VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 11 Australia Australia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 probably probably ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 14 with with ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 seafaring seafaring NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 16 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 17 at at ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 least least ADV RBS Degree=Sup 19 advmod _ _ 19 3,500 3500 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 20 nummod _ _ 20 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl:unmarked _ _ 21 ago ago ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 23 so so ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 Dingo Dingo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=29:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 26 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 27 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 29 advmod _ _ 28 have have AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 29 aux _ _ 29 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 advcl _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 Kangaroo Kangaroo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 iobj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=29:iobj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 32 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ _ 33 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hop** | past · progressive | Kangaroos | | | | | for millions of years; with seafaring people | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with people=Theme | | 2 | **reach** | past | dingoes | Australia | | | | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent australia=Theme | | 3 | **not** **give** | can · perfect | the Dingo | energy's legs | the Kangaroo | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent kangaroo=Recipient leg=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:404-the-real-animals-of-the-just-so-stories-whale-camel-rhino-leopard-elephant-kangaroo-armadillo-crab.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The real animals of the Just So Storie…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/404-the-real-animals-of-the-just-so-stories-whale-camel-rhino-leopard-elephant-kangaroo-armadillo-crab/15/) - next →: [The real animals of the Just So Storie…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/404-the-real-animals-of-the-just-so-stories-whale-camel-rhino-leopard-elephant-kangaroo-armadillo-crab/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/404-the-real-animals-of-the-just-so-stories-whale-camel-rhino-leopard-elephant-kangaroo-armadillo-crab/)