--- title: An elephant has 1 trunk, its nose and upper lip joined into one bone… — Counting animals: eyes, ears, hearts, trunks, te… · tree and pragmatics description: An elephant has 1 trunk, its nose and upper lip joined into one boneless tube with tens of thousands of muscle bundles, often counted at about 40,000; it sucks up a few litres of water at a time and squirts it into its mouth. Who acts: elephant. A sentence of the lesson «Counting animals: eyes, ears --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/41-counting-animals/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Counting animals: eyes, ears, hearts,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/41-counting-animals/) / 8 # Counting animals: eyes, ears, hearts, trunks, tentacles, teeth, sentence 8 An elephant has 1 trunk, its nose and upper lip joined into one boneless tube with tens of thousands of muscle bundles, often counted at about 40,000; it sucks up a few litres of water at a time and squirts it into its mouth. **Who acts:** elephant · **What happens:** have, join, count, suck up, squirt · **To what, where:** 1 trunk, upper lip, muscle bundles, 40,000, few litres, elephant This is a sentence of the lesson «Counting animals: eyes, ears, hearts, trunks, tentacles, teeth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elephant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:041-counting-animals.lesson:8 # text = An elephant has 1 trunk, its nose and upper lip joined into one boneless tube with tens of thousands of muscle bundles, often counted at about 40,000; it sucks up a few litres of water at a time and squirts it into its mouth. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 041-counting-animals.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 An a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 elephant elephant NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 5 nummod _ _ 5 trunk trunk NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 nose nose NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 conj _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 10 upper upper ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 lip lip NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:conj 12 joined join VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 acl _ _ 13 into into ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 16 nummod _ _ 15 boneless boneless ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 tube tube NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 17 with with ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 tens ten NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nmod _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nmod _ _ 21 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 muscle muscle NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound _ _ 23 bundles bundle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nmod _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 often often ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 26 counted count VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 acl _ _ 27 at at ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 about about ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 29 40,000 40000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 26 obl _ _ 30 ; ; PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 31 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 32 sucks suck VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 33 up up ADP RP _ 32 compound:prt _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 35 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 litres litre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obj _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nmod _ _ 39 at at ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ _ 43 squirts squirt VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 conj _ _ 44 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 obj _ _ 45 into into ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 47 nmod:poss _ _ 47 mouth mouth NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obl _ _ 48 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | a elephant | 1 trunk and elephant's nose and upper lip | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trunk=Patient | | 2 | **join** | participle | | upper lip *not said here* | | | | into one boneless tube with tens of thousands of muscle bundles | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient into tube=Co-Patient | | 3 | **count** | participle | | muscle bundles *not said here* | | 40,000 | | often *property* | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus | | 4 | **suck up** | present | elephant | a few litres of water | | | time | | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent litre=Source | | 5 | **squirt** | present | elephant *not said here* | elephant | | elephant's mouth | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme into mouth=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:041-counting-animals.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Counting animals: eyes, ears, hearts,…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/41-counting-animals/7/) - next →: [Counting animals: eyes, ears, hearts,…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/41-counting-animals/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/41-counting-animals/)