---
title: Some mantis shrimps are smashers with clubs for hard shells, and oth… — The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp · tree and pragmatics
description: Some mantis shrimps are smashers with clubs for hard shells, and others are spearers that stab soft fish from their burrows in the sand. Who acts: mantis shrimps, others, spearers. A sentence of the lesson «The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp» of the biology course of Mova's primary sc
---

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# The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp, sentence 14

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Some mantis shrimps are smashers with clubs for hard shells, and others are spearers that stab soft fish from their burrows in the sand.

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**Who acts:** mantis shrimps, others, spearers · **What happens:** be, stab · **To what, where:** smashers, spearers, soft fish, burrows

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mantis shrimps, others, spearers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:044-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp.lesson:14
# text = Some mantis shrimps are smashers with clubs for hard shells, and others are spearers that stab soft fish from their burrows in the sand.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 044-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
2	mantis	mantis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	shrimps	shrimp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	smashers	smasher	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	clubs	club	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	shells	shell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	spearers	spearer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	stab	stab	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	burrows	burrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | some mantis shrimps | smashers and spearers |  |  |  | with clubs for hard shells | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | others | spearers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **stab** | present | spearers | soft fish |  | others's burrows |  | in the sand | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent fish=Patient in sand=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:044-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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