--- title: Tardigrades, or water bears, are about half a millimetre long, have… — The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp · tree and pragmatics description: Tardigrades, or water bears, are about half a millimetre long, have 8 stumpy legs ending in claws that grip moss and grains of soil so they are not washed away, and live in moss, soil, ponds and the sea; over 1,000 kinds are known. Who acts: Tardigrades, 8 stumpy legs, claws. 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The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tardigrades, 8 stumpy legs, claws), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:044-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp.lesson:8 # text = Tardigrades, or water bears, are about half a millimetre long, have 8 stumpy legs ending in claws that grip moss and grains of soil so they are not washed away, and live in moss, soil, ponds and the sea; over 1,000 kinds are known. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 044-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Tardigrades tardigrade NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 3 or or CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 4 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 bears bear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 conj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 7 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 8 about about ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 9 half half DET PDT NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac|PronType=Ind 11 det:predet _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 millimetre millimetre NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl:unmarked _ _ 12 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 15 8 8 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 17 nummod _ _ 16 stumpy stumpy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 18 ending end VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 17 acl _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 claws claw NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl _ _ 21 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 22 nsubj _ _ 22 grip grip VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 acl:relcl _ _ 23 moss moss NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 grains grain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 soil soil NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 28 so so ADV RB _ 32 mark _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=32:advmod 29 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj:pass _ _ 30 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 aux:pass _ _ 31 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 32 advmod _ _ 32 washed wash VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:xcomp 33 away away ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 37 in in ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 moss moss NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 39 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 40 soil soil NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 conj _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 42 ponds pond NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 conj _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 conj _ _ 46 ; ; PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 47 over over ADV RB _ 48 advmod _ _ 48 1,000 1000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 49 nummod _ _ 49 kinds kind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 51 nsubj:pass _ _ 50 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 aux:pass _ _ 51 known know VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:conj 52 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Tardigrades or water bears | | | | | half millimetre *obl:unmarked*; long *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **have** | present | Tardigrades or water bears *not said here* | 8 stumpy legs | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient | | 3 | **end** | gerund | 8 stumpy legs *not said here* | | | claws | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 4 | **grip** | present | claws | moss and grains of soil | | | | | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent moss=Experiencer | | 5 | **not** **wash away** | present · passive | | legs *= leg* | | | | away *property* | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 6 | **live** | present | Tardigrades or water bears *not said here* | | | moss and soil and ponds and the sea | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in moss=Location | | 7 | **know** | present · passive | | 1,000 kinds | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:044-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The axolotl, the tardigrade and the ma…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp/7/) - next →: [The axolotl, the tardigrade and the ma…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp/)