---
title: A giraffe is up to about 5.5 metres tall; its heart weighs about 11… — More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwha… · tree and pragmatics
description: A giraffe is up to about 5.5 metres tall; its heart weighs about 11 kg, strong enough to push blood all the way up the long neck to its brain, and to drink it must splay its legs, which leaves it open to lions, so it often gets water from leaves instead. Who acts: giraffe, heart. A sentence of the l
---

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# More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe, sentence 16

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A giraffe is up to about 5.5 metres tall; its heart weighs about 11 kg, strong enough to push blood all the way up the long neck to its brain, and to drink it must splay its legs, which leaves it open to lions, so it often gets water from leaves instead.

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**Who acts:** giraffe, heart · **What happens:** be, weigh, push, drink, splay, leave · **To what, where:** 11 kg, blood, long neck, legs, giraffe, water

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This is a sentence of the lesson «More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (giraffe, heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:045-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe.lesson:16
# text = A giraffe is up to about 5.5 metres tall; its heart weighs about 11 kg, strong enough to push blood all the way up the long neck to its brain, and to drink it must splay its legs, which leaves it open to lions, so it often gets water from leaves instead.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 045-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	giraffe	giraffe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
4	up	up	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	about	about	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	5.5	5.5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Frac	8	nummod	_	_
8	metres	metre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	weighs	weigh	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
14	about	about	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	11	11	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	kg	kg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
19	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	push	push	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	advcl	_	_
22	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
23	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	25	det:predet	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl:unmarked	_	_
26	up	up	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:nmod
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
35	to	to	PART	TO	_	36	mark	_	_
36	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	39	advcl	_	_
37	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
38	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
39	splay	splay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:conj
40	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obj	_	_
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
43	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	44	nsubj	_	_
44	leaves	leave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	advcl	_	_
45	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	obj	_	_
46	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	xcomp	_	_
47	to	to	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=44:obl
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
50	so	so	ADV	RB	_	53	advmod	_	_
51	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	53	nsubj	_	_
52	often	often	ADV	RB	_	53	advmod	_	_
53	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	parataxis	_	_
54	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	obj	_	_
55	from	from	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
56	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	53	obl	_	_
57	instead	instead	ADV	RB	_	53	advmod	_	_
58	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a giraffe |  |  |  |  | 5.5 metres *obl:unmarked*; tall *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **weigh** | present | giraffe's heart | 11 kg |  |  |  |  | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme kg=Value |
| 3 | **be** |  | a giraffe *not said here* |  |  |  |  | enough *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **push** | to-infinitive | a giraffe *not said here* | blood |  | the long neck to giraffe's brain |  | all way *obl:unmarked* | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent blood=Theme up neck=Trajectory |
| 5 | **drink** | to-infinitive | giraffe *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **splay** | must | giraffe | giraffe's legs |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent leg=Patient |
| 7 | **leave** | present |  | giraffe |  |  |  | open *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 8 | **get** | present | giraffe | water |  | leaves |  | instead, often *property* | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent water=Theme from leaf=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:045-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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