--- title: Narwhals dive to about 1,500 metres or more under the Arctic sea ice… — More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwha… · tree and pragmatics description: Narwhals dive to about 1,500 metres or more under the Arctic sea ice to hunt halibut, squid and shrimps, and must find cracks in the ice to breathe. Who acts: Narwhals, cracks. A sentence of the lesson «More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe» of the biolo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/45-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [More record-breakers and oddballs: slo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/45-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe/) / 9 # More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe, sentence 9 Narwhals dive to about 1,500 metres or more under the Arctic sea ice to hunt halibut, squid and shrimps, and must find cracks in the ice to breathe. **Who acts:** Narwhals, cracks · **What happens:** dive, hunt, find, breathe · **To what, where:** Arctic sea ice, halibut, cracks, ice This is a sentence of the lesson «More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Narwhals, cracks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:045-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe.lesson:9 # text = Narwhals dive to about 1,500 metres or more under the Arctic sea ice to hunt halibut, squid and shrimps, and must find cracks in the ice to breathe. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 045-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Narwhals narwhal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 dive dive VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 to to ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 about about ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 1,500 1,500 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _ 6 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 7 or or CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 6 conj _ _ 9 under under ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 11 Arctic arctic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 12 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 14 to to PART TO _ 15 mark _ _ 15 hunt hunt VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 advcl _ _ 16 halibut halibut NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 squid squid NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 conj _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 shrimps shrimp NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 conj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 23 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 24 find find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 conj _ _ 25 cracks crack NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 29 to to PART TO _ 30 mark _ _ 30 breathe breathe VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 xcomp _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **dive** | present | Narwhals | | | the Arctic sea ice | | to 1,500 metres | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to metre=Location | | 2 | **hunt** | to-infinitive | Narwhals *not said here* | halibut and squid and shrimps | | | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent halibut=Theme | | 3 | **find** | must | Narwhals *not said here* | cracks | | the ice | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent crack=Attribute clause=Theme | | 4 | **breathe** | to-infinitive | cracks *not said here* | | | | | | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:045-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [More record-breakers and oddballs: slo…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/45-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe/8/) - next →: [More record-breakers and oddballs: slo…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/45-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/45-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe/)