--- title: Plants make their own food from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide;… — Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eat… · tree and pragmatics description: Plants make their own food from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide; this is photosynthesis, it uses the green chlorophyll in leaves and gives out oxygen; plants do not eat soil, which only gives them water and minerals. Who acts: Plants, this, food, soil. A sentence of the lesson «Food chains: sun, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/46-food-chains/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/46-food-chains/) / 4 # Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters, sentence 4 Plants make their own food from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide; this is photosynthesis, it uses the green chlorophyll in leaves and gives out oxygen; plants do not eat soil, which only gives them water and minerals. **Who acts:** Plants, this, food, soil · **What happens:** make, be, use, give out, not eat, give · **To what, where:** own food, sunlight, photosynthesis, green chlorophyll, leaves, oxygen This is a sentence of the lesson «Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Plants, this, food, soil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:046-food-chains.lesson:4 # text = Plants make their own food from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide; this is photosynthesis, it uses the green chlorophyll in leaves and gives out oxygen; plants do not eat soil, which only gives them water and minerals. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 046-food-chains.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 4 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 6 from from ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 sunlight sunlight NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 carbon carbon NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 dioxide dioxide NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 14 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 16 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:det|HaikuPos=DET:DT:Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 15 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 16 photosynthesis photosynthesis NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=2:punct 18 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 uses use VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 21 green green ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 chlorophyll chlorophyll NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nmod _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 27 out out ADP RP _ 26 compound:prt _ _ 28 oxygen oxygen NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 29 ; ; PUNCT : _ 33 punct _ _ 30 plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ _ 31 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 32 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 33 advmod _ _ 33 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 parataxis _ _ 34 soil soil NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 36 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 38 nsubj _ _ 37 only only ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 38 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=33:conj 39 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 iobj _ _ 40 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 42 minerals mineral NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 conj _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present | Plants | plants's own food | | sunlight and water and carbon dioxide | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset food=Product from sunlight=Material | | 2 | **is a** | present | this | photosynthesis | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **use** | present | food | the green chlorophyll | | leaves | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chlorophyll=Patient | | 4 | **give out** | present | food *not said here* | oxygen | | | | | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent oxygen=Theme | | 5 | **not** **eat** | present · do-support | plants | soil | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soil=Patient | | 6 | **give** | present | soil | water and minerals | plants *= plant* | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient water=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:046-food-chains.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/46-food-chains/3/) - next →: [Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/46-food-chains/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/46-food-chains/)