--- title: A Virginia opossum chased by a predator may fall over, go stiff, dro… — Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and d… · tree and pragmatics description: A Virginia opossum chased by a predator may fall over, go stiff, drool and smell bad for minutes or hours, because many predators lose interest in prey that seems dead. Who acts: Virginia opossum, many predators, prey. A sentence of the lesson «Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decompos --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/47-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Who eats whom: predators, prey, scaven…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/47-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers/) / 14 # Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers, sentence 14 A Virginia opossum chased by a predator may fall over, go stiff, drool and smell bad for minutes or hours, because many predators lose interest in prey that seems dead. **Who acts:** Virginia opossum, many predators, prey · **What happens:** chase, fall over, go, drool, smell, lose · **To what, where:** Virginia opossum, interest, prey This is a sentence of the lesson «Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Virginia opossum, many predators, prey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:047-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers.lesson:14 # text = A Virginia opossum chased by a predator may fall over, go stiff, drool and smell bad for minutes or hours, because many predators lose interest in prey that seems dead. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 047-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 Virginia Virginia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 opossum opossum NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 4 chased chase VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 acl _ _ 5 by by ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 predator predator NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 fall fall VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 10 over over ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:xcomp 13 stiff stiff ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 xcomp _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 drool drool VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 conj _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 smell smell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=12:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 bad bad ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 xcomp _ _ 19 for for ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 minutes minute NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:obl 21 or or CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 hours hour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 conj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 24 because because SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 25 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 predators predator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 27 lose lose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:parataxis 28 interest interest NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 prey prey NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nmod _ _ 31 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 32 nsubj _ _ 32 seems seem VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 acl:relcl _ _ 33 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 xcomp _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **chase** | participle | | a Virginia opossum *not said here* | | | | by a predator | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by predator=Trajectory | | 2 | **fall over** | may | a Virginia opossum | | | | | over *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **go** | infinitive | a Virginia opossum *not said here* | | | | | stiff *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **drool** | infinitive | a Virginia opossum *not said here* | | | | | | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **smell** | infinitive | a Virginia opossum *not said here* | | | | minute | bad *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | | 6 | **lose** | present | many predators | interest | | prey | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent interest=Eventuality | | 7 | **seem** | present | prey | | | | | dead *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:047-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Who eats whom: predators, prey, scaven…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/47-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers/13/) - next →: [Who eats whom: predators, prey, scaven…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/47-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/47-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers/)