--- title: Cats are predators: even well-fed pet cats hunt mice, birds and inse… — Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and d… · tree and pragmatics description: Cats are predators: even well-fed pet cats hunt mice, birds and insects, and pet cats in Britain have been estimated to catch tens of millions of animals a year. Who acts: Cats, fed pet cats. A sentence of the lesson «Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers» of the biology course --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/47-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Who eats whom: predators, prey, scaven…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/47-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers/) / 4 # Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers, sentence 4 Cats are predators: even well-fed pet cats hunt mice, birds and insects, and pet cats in Britain have been estimated to catch tens of millions of animals a year. **Who acts:** Cats, fed pet cats · **What happens:** be, feed, hunt, estimate, catch · **To what, where:** predators, mice, pet cats, tens This is a sentence of the lesson «Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cats, fed pet cats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:047-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers.lesson:4 # text = Cats are predators: even well-fed pet cats hunt mice, birds and insects, and pet cats in Britain have been estimated to catch tens of millions of animals a year. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 047-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Cats cat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 predators predator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 parataxis _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 5 even even ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 6 well well ADV RB Degree=Pos 8 advmod _ _ 7 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 6 punct _ _ 8 fed feed VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=10:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 9 pet pet NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 cats cat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _ 11 hunt hunt VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 12 mice mouse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=14:conj 17 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=20:punct 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 19 pet pet NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 compound _ _ 20 cats cat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj:pass _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 23 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 24 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 25 aux:pass _ _ 25 estimated estimate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 26 to to PART TO _ 27 mark _ _ 27 catch catch VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 xcomp _ _ 28 tens ten NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nmod _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nmod _ _ 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl:unmarked _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=25:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Cats | predators | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **feed** | participle | | | | | | well *property* | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **hunt** | present | fed pet cats | mice and birds and insects | | | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouse=Theme | | 4 | **estimate** | present · perfect · passive | | pet cats in Britain | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **catch** | to-infinitive | | tens of millions of animals | | | year | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ten=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:047-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Who eats whom: predators, prey, scaven…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/47-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers/1/) - next →: [Who eats whom: predators, prey, scaven…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/47-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/47-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers/)