--- title: Monarch butterflies from Canada and the USA fly up to about 4,000 km… — Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly,… · tree and pragmatics description: Monarch butterflies from Canada and the USA fly up to about 4,000 km to a few mountain forests in Mexico for the winter, and the trip back north takes several generations; a first-timer finds the way with the Sun and an inner clock, though it has never been there. Who acts: Monarch butterflies, trip --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/48-life-cycles-metamorphosis/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, b…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/48-life-cycles-metamorphosis/) / 11 # Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird, sentence 11 Monarch butterflies from Canada and the USA fly up to about 4,000 km to a few mountain forests in Mexico for the winter, and the trip back north takes several generations; a first-timer finds the way with the Sun and an inner clock, though it has never been there. **Who acts:** Monarch butterflies, trip, first timer, butterfly · **What happens:** fly up, take, find, have, not be · **To what, where:** several generations, way This is a sentence of the lesson «Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Monarch butterflies, trip, first timer, butterfly), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:048-life-cycles-metamorphosis.lesson:11 # text = Monarch butterflies from Canada and the USA fly up to about 4,000 km to a few mountain forests in Mexico for the winter, and the trip back north takes several generations; a first-timer finds the way with the Sun and an inner clock, though it has never been there. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 048-life-cycles-metamorphosis.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Monarch monarch NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 butterflies butterfly NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 3 from from ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 Canada Canada PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 USA USA PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 8 fly fly VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 9 up up ADP RP _ 8 compound:prt _ _ 10 to to ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 about about ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 12 4,000 4,000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 8 obl _ _ 13 km km NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod:unmarked _ _ 14 to to ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 16 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 17 mountain mountain NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 18 forests forest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 Mexico Mexico PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 21 for for ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:nmod 24 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 trip trip NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ _ 28 back back ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=27:advmod 29 north north ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 30 takes take VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 31 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 generations generation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ _ 33 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 35 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 37 amod _ _ 36 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 35 punct _ _ 37 timer timer NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ _ 38 finds find VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=30:conj 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ _ 41 with with ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 40 nmod _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 45 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 46 inner inner ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 47 amod _ _ 47 clock clock NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=40:conj 48 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 49 though though SCONJ IN _ 51 mark _ _ 50 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 51 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 advcl _ _ 52 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 54 advmod _ _ 53 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 54 cop _ _ 54 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 51 advmod _ _ 55 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fly up** | present | Monarch butterflies from Canada and the USA | | | | winter | to 4,000 km *result*; to a few mountain forests in Mexico | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to 4,000=Result | | 2 | **take** | present | the trip | several generations | | | | north *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent generation=Theme | | 3 | **find** | present | a first timer | the way | | | | with the Sun and a inner clock | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic | | 4 | **have** | present | butterfly | | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **not** **is** | participle | | | | | | there *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:048-life-cycles-metamorphosis.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, b…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/48-life-cycles-metamorphosis/10/) - next →: [Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, b…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/48-life-cycles-metamorphosis/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/48-life-cycles-metamorphosis/)