--- title: The adder, Britain's only venomous snake, gives birth to live young,… — Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and parents · tree and pragmatics description: The adder, Britain's only venomous snake, gives birth to live young, each in a thin skin it breaks out of at once; a mother keeping eggs inside can warm them by basking, and some sharks also give birth to live young. Who acts: adder, mother, sharks. A sentence of the lesson «Babies: eggs, live birth --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/49-babies/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/49-babies/) / 15 # Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and parents, sentence 15 The adder, Britain's only venomous snake, gives birth to live young, each in a thin skin it breaks out of at once; a mother keeping eggs inside can warm them by basking, and some sharks also give birth to live young. **Who acts:** adder, mother, sharks · **What happens:** give, live, break out, keeping, warm, bask · **To what, where:** birth, thin skin, eggs This is a sentence of the lesson «Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and parents» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (adder, mother, sharks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:049-babies.lesson:15 # text = The adder, Britain's only venomous snake, gives birth to live young, each in a thin skin it breaks out of at once; a mother keeping eggs inside can warm them by basking, and some sharks also give birth to live young. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 049-babies.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 adder adder NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 4 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod:poss _ _ 5 's 's PART POS _ 4 case _ _ 6 only only ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 7 venomous venomous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 snake snake NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 10 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 birth birth NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 live live VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 acl _ _ 14 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 xcomp _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 each each PRON DT PronType=Tot 10 obl _ _ 17 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 thin thin ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ _ 21 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 breaks break VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 acl:relcl _ _ 23 out out ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 at at ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 22 obl _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=10:punct 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 mother mother NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 30 keeping keeping VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 29 acl _ _ 31 eggs egg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ _ 32 inside inside ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 33 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 34 warm warm VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:conj 35 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 obj _ _ 36 by by SCONJ IN _ 37 mark _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=37:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 37 basking bask VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 34 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=34:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 38 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=44:punct 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ _ 40 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 41 det _ _ 41 sharks shark NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 nsubj _ _ 42 also also ADV RB _ 43 advmod _ _ 43 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 conj _ _ 44 birth birth NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obj _ _ 45 to to PART TO _ 46 mark _ _ 46 live live VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 44 acl _ _ 47 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 xcomp _ _ 48 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **give** | present | the adder | birth | | | | each *obl* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birth=Theme | | 2 | **live** | to-infinitive | the adder *not said here* | birth *not said here* | | | | young *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **break out** | present | adder | a thin skin *not said here* | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer once=Patient | | 4 | **keeping** | gerund | a mother *not said here* | eggs | | | | inside *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **warm** | can | a mother | eggs *= egg* | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient | | 6 | **bask** | gerund | a mother *not said here* | | | | | | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 7 | **give** | present | some sharks | birth | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birth=Theme | | 8 | **live** | to-infinitive | some sharks *not said here* | birth *not said here* | | | | young *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:049-babies.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/49-babies/14/) - next →: [Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/49-babies/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/49-babies/)