--- title: An elephant carries her baby for about 22 months, longer than any ot… — Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and parents · tree and pragmatics description: An elephant carries her baby for about 22 months, longer than any other land animal, because a big animal with a big brain needs a long time to grow; the calf weighs about 100 kg and is looked after by its mother, aunts, sisters and grandmothers. Who acts: elephant, big animal, calf, mother. A sente --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/49-babies/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/49-babies/) / 9 # Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and parents, sentence 9 An elephant carries her baby for about 22 months, longer than any other land animal, because a big animal with a big brain needs a long time to grow; the calf weighs about 100 kg and is looked after by its mother, aunts, sisters and grandmothers. **Who acts:** elephant, big animal, calf, mother · **What happens:** carry, need, grow, weigh, look after · **To what, where:** baby, 100 kg This is a sentence of the lesson «Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and parents» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elephant, big animal, calf, mother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:049-babies.lesson:9 # text = An elephant carries her baby for about 22 months, longer than any other land animal, because a big animal with a big brain needs a long time to grow; the calf weighs about 100 kg and is looked after by its mother, aunts, sisters and grandmothers. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 049-babies.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 An a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 elephant elephant NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 carries carry VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 5 baby baby NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 for for ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 about about ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 22 22 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _ 9 months month NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 longer long ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 3 advmod _ _ 12 than than ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 13 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 16 det _ _ 14 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 15 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 16 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 18 because because SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 22 with with ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 brain brain NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 26 needs need VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 30 to to PART TO _ 31 mark _ _ 31 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 acl _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 35 punct _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 calf calf NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 35 weighs weigh VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 36 about about ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=38:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 37 100 100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 38 nummod _ _ 38 kg kg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 obj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=35:obj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 40 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux:pass _ _ 41 looked look VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 35 conj _ _ 42 after after ADP IN _ 41 compound:prt _ _ 43 by by ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 45 nmod:poss _ _ 45 mother mother NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obl _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 47 aunts aunt NOUN NNS Number=Plur 45 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=45:appos 48 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 49 sisters sister NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 conj _ _ 50 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 51 grandmothers grandmother NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 conj _ _ 52 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **carry** | present | a elephant | elephant's baby | | | month | long *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Theme | | 2 | **need** | present | a big animal with a big brain | | | | time | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot | | 3 | **grow** | to-infinitive | a big animal with a big brain *not said here* | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **weigh** | present | the calf | 100 kg | | | | | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme kg=Value | | 5 | **look after** | present · passive | calf's mother and aunts and sisters and grandmothers | | | | | | vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:049-babies.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/49-babies/8/) - next →: [Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/49-babies/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/49-babies/)