--- title: Cartoon animals chat in full sentences and every dog with a wagging… — How animals talk · tree and pragmatics description: Cartoon animals chat in full sentences and every dog with a wagging tail is happy; real messages are simpler but cleverer, and a stiff, high, fast wag can mean a dog is tense, so ask the owner before you touch. Who acts: Cartoon animals, dog, real messages, stiff high fast wag. A sentence of the les --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/50-how-animals-talk/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How animals talk](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/50-how-animals-talk/) / 3 # How animals talk, sentence 3 Cartoon animals chat in full sentences and every dog with a wagging tail is happy; real messages are simpler but cleverer, and a stiff, high, fast wag can mean a dog is tense, so ask the owner before you touch. **Who acts:** Cartoon animals, dog, real messages, stiff high fast wag, you · **What happens:** chat, wag, be, mean, ask, touch · **To what, where:** full sentences, owner · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals talk» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cartoon animals, dog, real messages, stiff high fast wag), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:050-how-animals-talk.lesson:3 # text = Cartoon animals chat in full sentences and every dog with a wagging tail is happy; real messages are simpler but cleverer, and a stiff, high, fast wag can mean a dog is tense, so ask the owner before you touch. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 050-how-animals-talk.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1 1 Cartoon cartoon NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 chat chat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 sentences sentence NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 8 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 9 det _ _ 9 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 10 with with ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 wagging wag VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 13 amod _ _ 13 tail tail NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 15 happy happy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 17 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 messages message NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ _ 19 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 cop _ _ 20 simpler simple ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 3 conj _ _ 21 but but CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 cleverer clever ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 20 conj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:det 26 stiff stiff ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 28 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 30 fast fast ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 wag wag NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 32 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 33 mean mean VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 conj _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ _ 36 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 37 tense tense ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 ccomp _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 39 so so ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 40 ask ask VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=20:conj 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 owner owner NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obj _ _ 43 before before SCONJ IN _ 45 mark _ _ 44 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 45 nsubj _ _ 45 touch touch VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 advcl _ _ 46 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **chat** *speech: other* | present | Cartoon animals | | | full sentences | | | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **wag** | gerund | | | | | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is** | present | every dog a wagging tail | | | | | happy *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **is** | present | real messages | | | | | simple *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **be** | | real messages *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **mean** | can | a stiff high fast wag | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **is** | present | a dog | | | | | tense *property* | tree rules | | 8 | **ask** *speech: ask* | infinitive | Cartoon animals *not said here* | the owner | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent owner=Recipient | | 9 | **touch** | present | you | | | | | | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:050-how-animals-talk.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How animals talk, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/50-how-animals-talk/2/) - next →: [How animals talk, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/50-how-animals-talk/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/50-how-animals-talk/)