---
title: A hoverfly has one pair of wings and can hover still in the air, whi… — How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry · tree and pragmatics
description: A hoverfly has one pair of wings and can hover still in the air, while a wasp has two pairs. Who acts: hoverfly, wasp. A sentence of the lesson «How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry, sentence 12

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A hoverfly has one pair of wings and can hover still in the air, while a wasp has two pairs.

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**Who acts:** hoverfly, wasp · **What happens:** have, hover · **To what, where:** one pair, air, two pairs

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This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hoverfly, wasp), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:051-how-animals-hide.lesson:12
# text = A hoverfly has one pair of wings and can hover still in the air, while a wasp has two pairs.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 051-how-animals-hide.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hoverfly	hoverfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	pair	pair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	hover	hover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
11	still	still	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	wasp	wasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:advcl
20	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
21	pairs	pair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a hoverfly | one pair of wings |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pair=Patient |
| 2 | **hover** | can | a hoverfly *not said here* |  |  | the air | still |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location |
| 3 | **have** | present | a wasp | two pairs |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pair=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:051-how-animals-hide.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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