--- title: A hunter has to find its food, get close, catch it and hold on, and… — How animals hunt · tree and pragmatics description: A hunter has to find its food, get close, catch it and hold on, and every hunter has its own plan: some chase, some sneak, some set traps and some simply wait. Who acts: hunter, some. A sentence of the lesson «How animals hunt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How animals hunt](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/) / 0 # How animals hunt, sentence 0 A hunter has to find its food, get close, catch it and hold on, and every hunter has its own plan: some chase, some sneak, some set traps and some simply wait. **Who acts:** hunter, some · **What happens:** have, find, get, catch, hold on, wait · **To what, where:** food, own plan This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals hunt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hunter, some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:052-how-animals-hunt.lesson:0 # text = A hunter has to find its food, get close, catch it and hold on, and every hunter has its own plan: some chase, some sneak, some set traps and some simply wait. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 052-how-animals-hunt.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 hunter hunter NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 find find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 6 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 get get VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ _ 10 close close ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:Degree=Pos 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 catch catch VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 xcomp _ _ 13 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 15 hold hold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 conj _ _ 16 on on ADP RP _ 15 compound:prt _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 19 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 20 det _ _ 20 hunter hunter NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 21 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 22 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ _ 23 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 plan plan NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 25 : : PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 26 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 27 det _ _ 27 chase chase NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 appos _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:conj 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 30 det _ _ 30 sneak sneak NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:conj 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 34 det _ _ 33 set set ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 traps trap NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 conj _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 36 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 38 nsubj _ _ 37 simply simply ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 38 wait wait VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=21:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 39 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | a hunter | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **find** | to-infinitive | a hunter *not said here* | hunter's food | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Topic | | 3 | **get** | infinitive | a hunter *not said here* | | | | | close *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 4 | **catch** | infinitive | a hunter *not said here* | food | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 5 | **hold on** | infinitive | a hunter *not said here* | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **have** | present | every hunter | hunter's own plan and some set traps | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plan=Patient | | 7 | **wait** | present | some | | | | | simply *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **plan** | | hunter | | | | | | nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:052-how-animals-hunt.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/51-how-animals-hide/17/) - next →: [How animals hunt, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/)