--- title: Cartoons show the lion as king of the jungle, hunting alone while th… — How animals hunt · tree and pragmatics description: Cartoons show the lion as king of the jungle, hunting alone while the lionesses rest; in real life lions live on grassy savannah, and the lionesses do most of the hunting, working together. Who acts: Cartoons, lionesses, lions. A sentence of the lesson «How animals hunt» of the biology course of Mov --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How animals hunt](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/) / 4 # How animals hunt, sentence 4 Cartoons show the lion as king of the jungle, hunting alone while the lionesses rest; in real life lions live on grassy savannah, and the lionesses do most of the hunting, working together. **Who acts:** Cartoons, lionesses, lions · **What happens:** show, hunt, rest, live, do, work together · **To what, where:** lion, real life, grassy savannah, most This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals hunt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cartoons, lionesses, lions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:052-how-animals-hunt.lesson:4 # text = Cartoons show the lion as king of the jungle, hunting alone while the lionesses rest; in real life lions live on grassy savannah, and the lionesses do most of the hunting, working together. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 052-how-animals-hunt.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Cartoons cartoon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 show show VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 lion lion NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 as as ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:nmod 7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 jungle jungle NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 hunting hunt VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 conj _ _ 12 alone alone ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 13 while while SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 lionesses lioness NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 16 rest rest VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 advcl _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 19 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:amod 20 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:compound 21 lions lion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 22 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 23 on on ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 grassy grassy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 savannah savannah NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 lionesses lioness NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 30 do do VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 31 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 30 obj _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 hunting hunting NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 36 working work VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 30 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:conj 37 together together ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **show** | present | Cartoons | | the lion | | | as king of the jungle | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lion=Recipient | | 2 | **hunt** | gerund | Cartoons *not said here* | | | | | alone *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **rest** | present | the lionesses | | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **live** | present | lions | real life | | grassy savannah | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on savannah=Location | | 5 | **do** | present | the lionesses | most of the hunting | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Eventuality | | 6 | **work together** | gerund | the lionesses *not said here* | | | | | together *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:052-how-animals-hunt.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How animals hunt, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/3/) - next →: [How animals hunt, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/)