--- title: Octopuses and squid squirt dark ink and jet away, and some squid mak… — How animals defend themselves · tree and pragmatics description: Octopuses and squid squirt dark ink and jet away, and some squid make an ink blob shaped like themselves as a decoy. Who acts: Octopuses, squid. A sentence of the lesson «How animals defend themselves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/53-how-animals-defend-themselves/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How animals defend themselves](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/53-how-animals-defend-themselves/) / 11 # How animals defend themselves, sentence 11 Octopuses and squid squirt dark ink and jet away, and some squid make an ink blob shaped like themselves as a decoy. **Who acts:** Octopuses, squid · **What happens:** squirt, make, shape · **To what, where:** dark ink, ink blob This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals defend themselves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Octopuses, squid), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:053-how-animals-defend-themselves.lesson:11 # text = Octopuses and squid squirt dark ink and jet away, and some squid make an ink blob shaped like themselves as a decoy. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 053-how-animals-defend-themselves.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Octopuses octopus NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 3 squid squid NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 conj _ _ 4 squirt squirt VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 dark dark ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 ink ink NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 jet jet NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 9 away away ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 12 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 13 det _ _ 13 squid squid NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 14 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 15 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 ink ink NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 17 blob blob NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 18 shaped shape VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 acl _ _ 19 like like ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 18 obl _ _ 21 as as ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 decoy decoy NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 24 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **squirt** | present | Octopuses and squid | dark ink and jet | | | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent ink=Theme | | 2 | **make** | present | some squid | a ink blob | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset blob=Product | | 3 | **shape** | participle | | a ink blob *not said here* | | | | like Octopuses *= octopus*; as a decoy | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:053-how-animals-defend-themselves.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How animals defend themselves, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/53-how-animals-defend-themselves/10/) - next →: [How animals defend themselves, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/53-how-animals-defend-themselves/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/53-how-animals-defend-themselves/)