--- title: Humpback whales swim thousands of kilometres between cold feeding wa… — Migration: the great journeys · tree and pragmatics description: Humpback whales swim thousands of kilometres between cold feeding waters near the poles and warm seas where they have their calves, eating almost nothing while in warm water. Who acts: Humpback whales, whales. A sentence of the lesson «Migration: the great journeys» of the biology course of Mova's p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Migration: the great journeys](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/) / 10 # Migration: the great journeys, sentence 10 Humpback whales swim thousands of kilometres between cold feeding waters near the poles and warm seas where they have their calves, eating almost nothing while in warm water. **Who acts:** Humpback whales, whales · **What happens:** swim, have, eat · **To what, where:** thousands, calves, nothing This is a sentence of the lesson «Migration: the great journeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Humpback whales, whales), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:054-migration-the-great-journeys.lesson:10 # text = Humpback whales swim thousands of kilometres between cold feeding waters near the poles and warm seas where they have their calves, eating almost nothing while in warm water. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 054-migration-the-great-journeys.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Humpback humpback ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 2 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 swim swim VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 kilometres kilometre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 7 between between ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 9 feeding feeding NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 waters water NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:nmod 11 near near ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 poles pole NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 15 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 seas seas NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 conj _ _ 17 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 19 advmod _ _ 18 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 acl:relcl _ _ 20 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 calves calf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 eating eat VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 conj _ _ 24 almost almost ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 23 obj _ _ 26 while while SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 advcl _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **swim** | present | Humpback whales | thousands of kilometres | | | | between cold feeding waters near the poles and warm seas | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thousand=Trajectory | | 2 | **have** | present | whales *= whale* | whales's calves | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calf=Patient | | 3 | **eat** | gerund | Humpback whales *not said here* | nothing | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:054-migration-the-great-journeys.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Migration: the great journeys, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/9/) - next →: [Migration: the great journeys, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/)