--- title: Barn swallows from Britain and Europe fly about 10000 km to southern… — Migration: the great journeys · tree and pragmatics description: Barn swallows from Britain and Europe fly about 10000 km to southern Africa for winter, because there are no flying insects for them in a European winter. Who acts: Barn swallows, flying insects. A sentence of the lesson «Migration: the great journeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Migration: the great journeys](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/) / 5 # Migration: the great journeys, sentence 5 Barn swallows from Britain and Europe fly about 10000 km to southern Africa for winter, because there are no flying insects for them in a European winter. **Who acts:** Barn swallows, flying insects · **What happens:** fly, be · **To what, where:** 10000 km, southern Africa This is a sentence of the lesson «Migration: the great journeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Barn swallows, flying insects), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:054-migration-the-great-journeys.lesson:5 # text = Barn swallows from Britain and Europe fly about 10000 km to southern Africa for winter, because there are no flying insects for them in a European winter. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 054-migration-the-great-journeys.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Barn barn NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 swallows swallow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 3 from from ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 Europe Europe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 7 fly fly VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 about about ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 9 10000 10000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 10 nummod _ _ 10 km km NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl:unmarked _ _ 11 to to ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 southern southern ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 Africa Africa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 14 for for ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 17 because because SCONJ IN _ 19 mark _ _ 18 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 19 expl _ _ 19 are be VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 advcl _ _ 20 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 22 det _ _ 21 flying fly VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 22 amod _ _ 22 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ _ 23 for for ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod _ _ 25 in in ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 European European ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:nmod 29 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fly** | infinitive | Barn swallows from Britain and Europe | 10000 km | southern Africa | | winter | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to africa=Result | | 2 | **does** | present | no flying insects for swallows | | | there | winter | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **fly** | gerund | | | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:054-migration-the-great-journeys.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Migration: the great journeys, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/4/) - next →: [Migration: the great journeys, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/)