--- title: Some animals sleep through summer instead: the African lungfish digs… — Sleep and hibernation · tree and pragmatics description: Some animals sleep through summer instead: the African lungfish digs into drying mud, wraps itself in slime and waits for the rain, and that is called aestivation. Who acts: animals, African lungfish. A sentence of the lesson «Sleep and hibernation» of the biology course of Mova's primary school wit --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Sleep and hibernation](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/) / 3 # Sleep and hibernation, sentence 3 Some animals sleep through summer instead: the African lungfish digs into drying mud, wraps itself in slime and waits for the rain, and that is called aestivation. **Who acts:** animals, African lungfish · **What happens:** sleep, dig, wrap, wait, call · **To what, where:** animal, slime, that · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Sleep and hibernation» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (animals, African lungfish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:055-sleep-and-hibernation.lesson:3 # text = Some animals sleep through summer instead: the African lungfish digs into drying mud, wraps itself in slime and waits for the rain, and that is called aestivation. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 055-sleep-and-hibernation.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1 1 Some some DET DT PronType=Ind 2 det _ _ 2 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 sleep sleep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 through through ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 6 instead instead ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 African African ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 lungfish lungfish NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 11 digs dig VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 12 into into ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 drying drying NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 mud mud NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 wraps wrap VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 17 itself itself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes 16 obj _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 slime slime NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 waits wait VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=16:conj 22 for for ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 rain rain NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:obl 25 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 27 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 29 nsubj:pass _ _ 28 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux:pass _ _ 29 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 conj _ _ 30 aestivation aestivation NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 xcomp _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sleep** | present | some animals | | | | summer | instead *property* | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **dig** | present | the African lungfish | | | | | into drying mud | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.patient»: agent=Agent into mud=Patient | | 3 | **wrap** | present | the African lungfish *not said here* | animal | | slime | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent itself=Theme in slime=Destination | | 4 | **wait** | present | the African lungfish *not said here* | | | | | for the rain | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **call** | present · passive | | that | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:055-sleep-and-hibernation.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Sleep and hibernation, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/2/) - next →: [Sleep and hibernation, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/)