--- title: Bears sleep through winter in dens living on their fat; their temper… — Sleep and hibernation · tree and pragmatics description: Bears sleep through winter in dens living on their fat; their temperature drops only a little, mothers give birth in the den and make milk for the cubs from their stored fat, a bear wakes up thin and hungry in spring, and it can go months without eating, drinking or going to the toilet. Who acts: Be --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Sleep and hibernation](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/) / 6 # Sleep and hibernation, sentence 6 Bears sleep through winter in dens living on their fat; their temperature drops only a little, mothers give birth in the den and make milk for the cubs from their stored fat, a bear wakes up thin and hungry in spring, and it can go months without eating, drinking or going to the toilet. **Who acts:** Bears, dens, temperature, mothers, bear · **What happens:** sleep, live, drop, give, make, store · **To what, where:** dens, fat, little, birth, den, milk This is a sentence of the lesson «Sleep and hibernation» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bears, dens, temperature, mothers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:055-sleep-and-hibernation.lesson:6 # text = Bears sleep through winter in dens living on their fat; their temperature drops only a little, mothers give birth in the den and make milk for the cubs from their stored fat, a bear wakes up thin and hungry in spring, and it can go months without eating, drinking or going to the toilet. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 055-sleep-and-hibernation.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Bears bear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 sleep sleep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 through through ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 dens den NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:nmod 7 living live VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 6 acl _ _ 8 on on ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 fat fat NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 temperature temperature NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 14 drops drop VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 15 only only ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=14:obj 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 mothers mother NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ _ 20 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 21 birth birth NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 den den NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:nmod 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=20:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 27 milk milk NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 28 for for ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 cubs cub NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obl _ _ 31 from from ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 32 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 33 stored store VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 34 amod _ _ 34 fat fat NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 bear bear NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ _ 38 wakes wake VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 advcl _ _ 39 up up ADP RP _ 38 compound:prt _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=40:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 40 thin thin ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 xcomp _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 42 hungry hungry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 conj _ _ 43 in in ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 44 spring spring NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=40:obl 45 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 46 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 47 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 49 nsubj _ _ 48 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 49 aux _ _ 49 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 parataxis _ _ 50 months month NOUN NNS Number=Plur 49 obl:unmarked _ _ 51 without without SCONJ IN _ 52 mark _ _ 52 eating eat VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 49 advcl _ _ 53 , , PUNCT , _ 54 punct _ _ 54 drinking drink VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 52 conj _ _ 55 or or CCONJ CC _ 56 cc _ _ 56 going go VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 52 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=54:conj 57 to to ADP IN _ 59 case _ _ 58 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 59 det _ _ 59 toilet toilet NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 obl _ _ 60 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sleep** | present | Bears | | | dens | winter | | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in den=Location | | 2 | **live** | gerund | dens *not said here* | | | bears's fat | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on fat=Location | | 3 | **drop** | present | bears's temperature | a little | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **give** | present | mothers | birth | | the den | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birth=Theme | | 5 | **make** | present | mothers *not said here* | milk | | | | for the cubs from bears's stored fat | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent milk=Material for cub=Beneficiary | | 6 | **store** | participle | | | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **wake up** | present | a bear | | | | spring | thin *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 8 | **go** | can | temperature | | | | month | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **eat** | gerund | temperature *not said here* | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **drink** | gerund | temperature *not said here* | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 11 | **go** | gerund | temperature *not said here* | | | the toilet | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to toilet=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:055-sleep-and-hibernation.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Sleep and hibernation, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/5/) - next →: [Sleep and hibernation, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/)