--- title: Shoots bend towards light because cells on the shady side grow longe… — How plants grow: seeds, light, water and air · tree and pragmatics description: Shoots bend towards light because cells on the shady side grow longer; plants grown in the dark become tall, pale and weak, stretching to look for light and staying pale because they cannot make green chlorophyll without it. Who acts: Shoots, cells, plants. A sentence of the lesson «How plants grow: --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/56-how-plants-grow/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How plants grow: seeds, light, water a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/56-how-plants-grow/) / 7 # How plants grow: seeds, light, water and air, sentence 7 Shoots bend towards light because cells on the shady side grow longer; plants grown in the dark become tall, pale and weak, stretching to look for light and staying pale because they cannot make green chlorophyll without it. **Who acts:** Shoots, cells, plants · **What happens:** bend, grow, become, stretch, look, stay · **To what, where:** light, plants, dark, green chlorophyll This is a sentence of the lesson «How plants grow: seeds, light, water and air» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shoots, cells, plants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:056-how-plants-grow.lesson:7 # text = Shoots bend towards light because cells on the shady side grow longer; plants grown in the dark become tall, pale and weak, stretching to look for light and staying pale because they cannot make green chlorophyll without it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 056-how-plants-grow.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Shoots shoot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 bend bend VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 towards towards ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 5 because because SCONJ IN _ 11 mark _ _ 6 cells cell NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _ 7 on on ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 shady shady ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 11 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 advcl _ _ 12 longer long ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 11 advmod _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 14 plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ _ 15 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 14 acl _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 dark dark NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=15:obl|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 19 become become VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 20 tall tall ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 xcomp _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 pale pale ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 conj _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 weak weak ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 conj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 26 stretching stretch VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 19 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:advcl 27 to to PART TO _ 28 mark _ _ 28 look look VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:xcomp 29 for for ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 staying stay VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 26 conj _ _ 33 pale pale ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 xcomp _ _ 34 because because SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 35 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 36 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 37 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 38 advmod _ _ 38 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 32 advcl _ _ 39 green green ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 chlorophyll chlorophyll NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ _ 41 without without ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obl _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bend** | present | Shoots | | | light | | | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme towards light=Location | | 2 | **grow** | present | cells on the shady side | | | | | long *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **grow** | participle | | plants *not said here* | | the dark | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in dark=Location | | 4 | **become** | present | plants | | | | | tall *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **stretch** | gerund | plants *not said here* | | | | | | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 6 | **look** | to-infinitive | plants *not said here* | | | | | for light | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for light=Theme | | 7 | **stay** | gerund | plants *not said here* | | | | | pale *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **not** **make** | can | cells *= cell* | green chlorophyll | | | | without shoot | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset chlorophyll=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:056-how-plants-grow.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How plants grow: seeds, light, water a…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/56-how-plants-grow/6/) - next →: [How plants grow: seeds, light, water a…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/56-how-plants-grow/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/56-how-plants-grow/)