---
title: Roots are covered with tiny root hairs, each a single long cell, whi… — Roots, stems and leaves · tree and pragmatics
description: Roots are covered with tiny root hairs, each a single long cell, which give a much bigger surface to soak up water and minerals; one rye plant was measured with about 600 km of roots, not even counting the root hairs. Who acts: single long cell. A sentence of the lesson «Roots, stems and leaves» of 
---

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# Roots, stems and leaves, sentence 6

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Roots are covered with tiny root hairs, each a single long cell, which give a much bigger surface to soak up water and minerals; one rye plant was measured with about 600 km of roots, not even counting the root hairs.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** single long cell · **What happens:** cover, give, soak up, measure, not count · **To what, where:** Roots, bigger surface, water, one rye plant, root hairs

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Roots, stems and leaves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (single long cell), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:057-roots-stems-and-leaves.lesson:6
# text = Roots are covered with tiny root hairs, each a single long cell, which give a much bigger surface to soak up water and minerals; one rye plant was measured with about 600 km of roots, not even counting the root hairs.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 057-roots-stems-and-leaves.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	root	root	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	cell	cell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
16	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	much	much	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	20	amod	_	_
20	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	soak	soak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	acl	_	_
23	up	up	ADP	RP	_	22	compound:prt	_	_
24	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	minerals	mineral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	_
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
28	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	30	nummod	_	_
29	rye	rye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	measured	measure	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
33	with	with	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	about	about	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
35	600	600	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	36	nummod	_	_
36	km	km	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nmod	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
40	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	42	advmod	_	_
41	even	even	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
42	counting	count	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	32	advcl	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
44	root	root	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	compound	_	_
45	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	obj	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | present · passive |  | Roots |  |  |  | with tiny root hairs | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with hair=Theme |
| 2 | **give** | present | each single long cell | a bigger surface |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent surface=Theme |
| 3 | **soak up** | to-infinitive | each single long cell *not said here* | water and minerals |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent water=Source |
| 4 | **measure** | past · passive |  | one rye plant |  |  |  | with 600 km of roots | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: subject=Value |
| 5 | **not** **count** | gerund |  | the root hairs |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hair=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:057-roots-stems-and-leaves.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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