--- title: The Arctic is the frozen top of the world: an ocean covered by float… — The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world · tree and pragmatics description: The Arctic is the frozen top of the world: an ocean covered by floating sea ice, surrounded by the cold treeless land called the tundra in the north of Europe, Asia and North America. Who acts: Arctic, ocean, cold treeless land. A sentence of the lesson «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's wo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/6-the-arctic/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar be…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/6-the-arctic/) / 0 # The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world, sentence 0 The Arctic is the frozen top of the world: an ocean covered by floating sea ice, surrounded by the cold treeless land called the tundra in the north of Europe, Asia and North America. **Who acts:** Arctic, ocean, cold treeless land · **What happens:** freeze, be, cover, float, surround, call · **To what, where:** frozen top, floating sea ice, ocean, tundra, north · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arctic, ocean, cold treeless land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:006-the-arctic.lesson:0 # text = The Arctic is the frozen top of the world: an ocean covered by floating sea ice, surrounded by the cold treeless land called the tundra in the north of Europe, Asia and North America. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 006-the-arctic.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Arctic Arctic PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 frozen freeze VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=6:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 6 top top NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=13:punct 11 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 ocean ocean NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 appos _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:nsubj:pass 13 covered cover VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:conj 14 by by SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 15 floating float VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 17 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:advcl 16 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 17 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:obj 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 surrounded surround VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:advcl 20 by by ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 22 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 23 treeless treeless ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl:agent _ _ 25 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 24 acl _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 tundra tundra NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 28 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 north north NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 Europe Europe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 34 Asia Asia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 conj _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 36 North North PROPN NNP Number=Sing 37 compound _ _ 37 America America PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 conj _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **freeze** | participle | | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **is a** | present | the Arctic | the frozen top | | | | of the world | tree rules | | 3 | **cover** | participle | a ocean *not said here* | floating sea ice | | | | | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **float** | gerund | | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **surround** | participle | | a ocean *not said here* | | | | | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **call** | participle | the cold treeless land *not said here* | the tundra | | the north of Europe and Asia and North America | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tundra=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:006-the-arctic.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The desert: living with little water, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/5-the-desert/18/) - next →: [The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar be…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/6-the-arctic/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/6-the-arctic/)