--- title: The male narwhal's tusk is a front tooth up to about 3 metres long t… — The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world · tree and pragmatics description: The male narwhal's tusk is a front tooth up to about 3 metres long that grows through its upper lip, and in the Middle Ages such tusks were sold as unicorn horns. Who acts: tusk, front tooth. A sentence of the lesson «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world» of the biology course of Mova's --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/6-the-arctic/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar be…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/6-the-arctic/) / 12 # The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world, sentence 12 The male narwhal's tusk is a front tooth up to about 3 metres long that grows through its upper lip, and in the Middle Ages such tusks were sold as unicorn horns. **Who acts:** tusk, front tooth · **What happens:** be, grow, sell · **To what, where:** front tooth, upper lip, such tusks, Middle Ages This is a sentence of the lesson «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tusk, front tooth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:006-the-arctic.lesson:12 # text = The male narwhal's tusk is a front tooth up to about 3 metres long that grows through its upper lip, and in the Middle Ages such tusks were sold as unicorn horns. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 006-the-arctic.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 male male ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 narwhal narwhal NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod:poss _ _ 4 's 's PART POS _ 3 case _ _ 5 tusk tusk NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 front front ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 tooth tooth NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 10 up up ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 11 to to ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 12 about about ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 13 3 3 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 14 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:nmod 15 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:Degree=Pos 16 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 17 nsubj _ _ 17 grows grow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 acl:relcl _ _ 18 through through ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 19 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 20 upper upper ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 lip lip NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 24 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 Middle Middle ADJ NNP Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 Ages Age PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 31 obl _ _ 28 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 tusks tusk NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj:pass _ _ 30 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux:pass _ _ 31 sold sell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 conj _ _ 32 as as ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 unicorn unicorn NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 compound _ _ 34 horns horn NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obl _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the male narwhal's tusk | a front tooth | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **grow** | present | a front tooth | | | metre's upper lip | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through lip=Location | | 3 | **sell** | past · passive | | such tusks | | | in the Middle Ages | as unicorn horns | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:006-the-arctic.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar be…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/6-the-arctic/11/) - next →: [The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar be…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/6-the-arctic/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/6-the-arctic/)