---
title: The northern lights glow when tiny particles from the sun hit gases… — The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world · tree and pragmatics
description: The northern lights glow when tiny particles from the sun hit gases high in the air, mostly green from oxygen, and near Antarctica there are southern lights too. Who acts: northern lights, tiny particles, southern lights. A sentence of the lesson «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world» of
---

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# The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world, sentence 14

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The northern lights glow when tiny particles from the sun hit gases high in the air, mostly green from oxygen, and near Antarctica there are southern lights too.

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**Who acts:** northern lights, tiny particles, southern lights · **What happens:** glow, hit, be · **To what, where:** gases, Antarctica

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The Arctic: ice, snow and the polar bear's world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (northern lights, tiny particles, southern lights), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:006-the-arctic.lesson:14
# text = The northern lights glow when tiny particles from the sun hit gases high in the air, mostly green from oxygen, and near Antarctica there are southern lights too.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 006-the-arctic.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	glow	glow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	11	mark	_	_
6	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	particles	particle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	hit	hit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
12	gases	gas	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
13	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	parataxis	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=4:punct
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
24	near	near	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Antarctica	Antarctica	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
26	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	27	expl	_	_
27	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
28	southern	southern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
30	too	too	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **glow** | present | the northern lights |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hit** | present | tiny particles from the sun | gases |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme gas=Co-Theme |
| 3 | **does** | present | southern lights |  |  | Antarctica; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near antarctica=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:006-the-arctic.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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