--- title: Count the rings on a stump in the woods and you know its age: each y… — Trees · tree and pragmatics description: Count the rings on a stump in the woods and you know its age: each year makes one ring, pale wood from fast spring growth and darker wood from slower late summer; a wide ring was a good year, a thin one a hard year. Who acts: you, year, wide ring. A sentence of the lesson «Trees» of the biology cour --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Trees](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/) / 1 # Trees, sentence 1 Count the rings on a stump in the woods and you know its age: each year makes one ring, pale wood from fast spring growth and darker wood from slower late summer; a wide ring was a good year, a thin one a hard year. **Who acts:** you, year, wide ring · **What happens:** count, know, make, be · **To what, where:** rings, stump, age, one ring, good year This is a sentence of the lesson «Trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, year, wide ring), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:060-trees.lesson:1 # text = Count the rings on a stump in the woods and you know its age: each year makes one ring, pale wood from fast spring growth and darker wood from slower late summer; a wide ring was a good year, a thin one a hard year. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 060-trees.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3 1 Count count VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 rings ring NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obj _ _ 4 on on ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 stump stump NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obl _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 woods wood NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obl _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ _ 13 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 age age NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 16 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 17 det _ _ 17 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 18 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 acl:relcl _ _ 19 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 20 nummod _ _ 20 ring ring NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 pale pale ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 wood wood NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 conj _ _ 24 from from ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 fast fast ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 26 spring spring NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 compound _ _ 27 growth growth NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:obl 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 29 darker dark ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 30 amod _ _ 30 wood wood NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 conj _ _ 31 from from ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 32 slower slow ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 34 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=33:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RBR:Degree=Cmp 33 late late ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:obl 35 ; ; PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 37 wide wide ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 38 ring ring NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nsubj _ _ 39 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 42 cop _ _ 40 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 41 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ _ 42 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 parataxis _ _ 43 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 44 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 45 thin thin ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 amod _ _ 46 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 conj _ _ 47 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 48 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 49 amod _ _ 49 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 conj _ _ 50 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **count** | imperative | you *not said here* | the rings | | a stump | | in the woods | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Theme | | 2 | **know** | present | you | stump's age | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer age=Stimulus | | 3 | **make** | present | each year | one ring and pale wood from fast spring growth and darker wood from slower late summer | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset ring=Product | | 4 | **is a** | past | a wide ring | a good year and a thin one and a hard year | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:060-trees.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Seeds and fruit and how they travel, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel/17/) - next →: [Trees, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/)