--- title: Beech trees make a thick roof of leaves, so little grows beneath the… — Trees · tree and pragmatics description: Beech trees make a thick roof of leaves, so little grows beneath them except plants like bluebells that flower in spring before the beech leaves open. Who acts: Beech trees, little, bluebells, beech. A sentence of the lesson «Trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Trees](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/) / 13 # Trees, sentence 13 Beech trees make a thick roof of leaves, so little grows beneath them except plants like bluebells that flower in spring before the beech leaves open. **Who acts:** Beech trees, little, bluebells, beech, leaves · **What happens:** make, grow, flower, leaf, open · **To what, where:** thick roof This is a sentence of the lesson «Trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Beech trees, little, bluebells, beech), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:060-trees.lesson:13 # text = Beech trees make a thick roof of leaves, so little grows beneath them except plants like bluebells that flower in spring before the beech leaves open. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 060-trees.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3 1 Beech beech NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 thick thick ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 roof roof NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 so so ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 11 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:Degree=Pos 12 grows grow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 13 beneath beneath ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ _ 15 except except ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ _ 17 like like ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 bluebells bluebell NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nmod _ _ 19 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 20 nsubj _ _ 20 flower flower VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 acl:relcl _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 spring spring NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 23 before before SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 beech beech NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:compound 26 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 27 open open VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 advcl _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present | Beech trees | a thick roof of leaves | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset roof=Product | | 2 | **grow** | present | little | | | | | beneath Trees *= tree*; except plants like bluebells | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beneath they=Location | | 3 | **flower** | present | bluebells | | | | spring | | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **leaf** | | beech | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **open** | present | the leaves | | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:060-trees.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Trees, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/12/) - next →: [Trees, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/)