--- title: Cartoons show trees as lonely and silent; under the ground their roo… — Trees · tree and pragmatics description: Cartoons show trees as lonely and silent; under the ground their roots are joined to fungi that swap water and minerals for sugar, and some scientists think trees may share food this way, though how much is still argued about. Who acts: Cartoons, fungi, scientists, trees. A sentence of the lesson «T --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Trees](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/) / 4 # Trees, sentence 4 Cartoons show trees as lonely and silent; under the ground their roots are joined to fungi that swap water and minerals for sugar, and some scientists think trees may share food this way, though how much is still argued about. **Who acts:** Cartoons, fungi, scientists, trees · **What happens:** show, join, swap, think, share, argue · **To what, where:** trees, roots, ground, water, food, much · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cartoons, fungi, scientists, trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:060-trees.lesson:4 # text = Cartoons show trees as lonely and silent; under the ground their roots are joined to fungi that swap water and minerals for sugar, and some scientists think trees may share food this way, though how much is still argued about. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 060-trees.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Cartoons cartoon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 show show VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 4 as as ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 lonely lonely ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 obl _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 silent silent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 conj _ _ 8 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 9 under under ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 12 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 roots root NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 14 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux:pass _ _ 15 joined join VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 16 to to ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 fungi fungus NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 18 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ _ 19 swap swap VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 acl:relcl _ _ 20 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 minerals mineral NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 conj _ _ 23 for for ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 sugar sugar NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 27 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 28 det _ _ 28 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ _ 29 think think VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:parataxis 30 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nsubj _ _ 31 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 share share VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 ccomp _ _ 33 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 34 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 35 det _ _ 35 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl:unmarked _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 37 though though SCONJ IN _ 42 mark _ _ 38 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 39 advmod _ _ 39 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 nsubj:pass _ _ 40 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 aux:pass _ _ 41 still still ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 42 argued argue VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 32 advcl _ _ 43 about about ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **show** | present | Cartoons | trees | | | | as lonely | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tree=Recipient | | 2 | **join** | present · passive | | Trees's roots | | the ground | | to fungi | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to fungus=Co-Patient | | 3 | **swap** | present | fungi | water and minerals | | | | for sugar | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent water=Theme for sugar=Co-Theme | | 4 | **think** *speech: other* | present | some scientists | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 5 | **share** | may | trees | food | | | | this way *obl:unmarked* | tree rules | | 6 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | present · passive | | much | | | still | about *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:060-trees.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Trees, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/3/) - next →: [Trees, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/)