--- title: Yeast is a fungus made of single tiny cells; in bread dough it eats… — Fungi: mushrooms, mould and yeast · tree and pragmatics description: Yeast is a fungus made of single tiny cells; in bread dough it eats sugar and gives off carbon dioxide gas, whose bubbles make the dough rise; yeast works fast when warm and slowly in the cold. Who acts: Yeast, bubbles. A sentence of the lesson «Fungi: mushrooms, mould and yeast» of the biology cour --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/62-fungi-mushrooms-mould-and-yeast/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Fungi: mushrooms, mould and yeast](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/62-fungi-mushrooms-mould-and-yeast/) / 11 # Fungi: mushrooms, mould and yeast, sentence 11 Yeast is a fungus made of single tiny cells; in bread dough it eats sugar and gives off carbon dioxide gas, whose bubbles make the dough rise; yeast works fast when warm and slowly in the cold. **Who acts:** Yeast, bubbles · **What happens:** be, make, eat, give off, rise, work · **To what, where:** fungus, sugar, bread dough, dioxide gas This is a sentence of the lesson «Fungi: mushrooms, mould and yeast» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Yeast, bubbles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:062-fungi-mushrooms-mould-and-yeast.lesson:11 # text = Yeast is a fungus made of single tiny cells; in bread dough it eats sugar and gives off carbon dioxide gas, whose bubbles make the dough rise; yeast works fast when warm and slowly in the cold. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 062-fungi-mushrooms-mould-and-yeast.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Yeast yeast NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 fungus fungus NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 5 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 acl _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 single single ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 8 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 cells cell NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 10 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 11 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 bread bread NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 dough dough NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 14 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 eats eat VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 16 sugar sugar NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 19 off off ADP RP _ 18 compound:prt _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:case 20 carbon carbon NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:compound 21 dioxide dioxide NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 22 gas gas NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 whose whose PRON WP$ Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel 25 nmod:poss _ _ 25 bubbles bubble NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 26 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 acl:relcl _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=29:det 28 dough dough NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 compound _ _ 29 rise rise VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:obj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 30 ; ; PUNCT : _ 32 punct _ _ 31 yeast yeast NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ _ 32 works work VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 33 fast fast ADV RB Degree=Pos 32 advmod _ _ 34 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 35 advmod _ _ 35 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 xcomp _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=40:cc 37 slowly slowly ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 38 in in ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 cold cold NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:conj|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 41 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | | a fungus and the cold | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **make** | participle | Yeast | a fungus and the cold *not said here* | | | | of single tiny cells | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset fungus=Product | | 3 | **eat** | present | yeast | sugar | | bread dough | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sugar=Patient | | 4 | **give off** | present | yeast *not said here* | dioxide gas | | | | | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source gas=Theme | | 5 | **make** | present | bubbles | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **rise** | infinitive | bubbles *not said here* | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **work** | present | yeast | | | | | fast, warm *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:062-fungi-mushrooms-mould-and-yeast.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Fungi: mushrooms, mould and yeast, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/62-fungi-mushrooms-mould-and-yeast/10/) - next →: [Fungi: mushrooms, mould and yeast, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/62-fungi-mushrooms-mould-and-yeast/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/62-fungi-mushrooms-mould-and-yeast/)