--- title: Soap breaks up the greasy layer that germs cling to and running wate… — Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good and bad · tree and pragmatics description: Soap breaks up the greasy layer that germs cling to and running water rinses them away; washing for about 20 seconds gives it time to work; cold viruses spread on hands and on things people touch, like door handles. Who acts: Soap, germs, running water, washing. A sentence of the lesson «Microbes: b --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses/) / 9 # Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good and bad, sentence 9 Soap breaks up the greasy layer that germs cling to and running water rinses them away; washing for about 20 seconds gives it time to work; cold viruses spread on hands and on things people touch, like door handles. **Who acts:** Soap, germs, running water, washing, cold viruses, people · **What happens:** break up, cling, run, rinse away, wash, give · **To what, where:** greasy layer, germs, water, hands, things This is a sentence of the lesson «Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good and bad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Soap, germs, running water, washing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:063-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses.lesson:9 # text = Soap breaks up the greasy layer that germs cling to and running water rinses them away; washing for about 20 seconds gives it time to work; cold viruses spread on hands and on things people touch, like door handles. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 063-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4 1 Soap soap NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 breaks break VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 up up ADP RP _ 2 compound:prt _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 greasy greasy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 layer layer NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:obl 7 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 9 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:obj 8 germs germ NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 9 cling cling VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 acl:relcl _ _ 10 to to ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 12 running run VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 13 amod _ _ 13 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 14 rinses rinse VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:conj 15 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obj _ _ 16 away away ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 18 washing wash VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 23 csubj _ _ 19 for for ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 20 about about ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 21 20 20 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 22 nummod _ _ 22 seconds second NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl _ _ 23 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 24 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 iobj _ _ 25 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 to to PART TO _ 27 mark _ _ 27 work work VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 acl _ _ 28 ; ; PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 29 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 viruses virus NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ _ 31 spread spread VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 conj _ _ 32 on on ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 hands hand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=31:nmod 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 35 on on ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 conj _ _ 37 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 nsubj _ _ 38 touch touch VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 acl:relcl _ _ 39 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 40 like like ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 door door NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 compound _ _ 42 handles handle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 obl _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **break up** | present | Soap | the greasy layer | | | | | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Patient | | 2 | **cling** | present | germs | | | | | to the greasy layer | vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to that=Co-Theme | | 3 | **run** | gerund | | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **rinse away** | present | running water | germs *= germ* | | | | away *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent they=Source | | 5 | **wash** | gerund | | | | | second | | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **give** | present | washing | water | | | time | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 7 | **work** | to-infinitive | washing *not said here* | | | | | | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **spread** | present | cold viruses | | | hands | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on hand=Location | | 9 | **touch** | present | people | things *not said here* | | | | like door handles | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thing=Co-Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:063-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good a…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses/8/) - next →: [Microbes: bacteria and viruses, good a…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/63-microbes-bacteria-and-viruses/)