--- title: Bones cannot move on their own; muscles pull on them, always pulling… — Cells, bones and muscles · tree and pragmatics description: Bones cannot move on their own; muscles pull on them, always pulling and never pushing, so they work in pairs, one to bend a joint and one to straighten it. Who acts: Bones, muscles, one. A sentence of the lesson «Cells, bones and muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its depe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Cells, bones and muscles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/) / 3 # Cells, bones and muscles, sentence 3 Bones cannot move on their own; muscles pull on them, always pulling and never pushing, so they work in pairs, one to bend a joint and one to straighten it. **Who acts:** Bones, muscles, one · **What happens:** not move, pull, not push, work, bend, straighten · **To what, where:** own, joint This is a sentence of the lesson «Cells, bones and muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bones, muscles, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:064-cells-bones-and-muscles.lesson:3 # text = Bones cannot move on their own; muscles pull on them, always pulling and never pushing, so they work in pairs, one to bend a joint and one to straighten it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 064-cells-bones-and-muscles.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Bones bone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 4 advmod _ _ 4 move move VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 on on ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 obl _ _ 8 ; ; PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 9 muscles muscle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 10 pull pull VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:advcl 11 on on ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 15 advmod _ _ 15 pulling pull VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 advcl _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 17 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 18 advmod _ _ 18 pushing push VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 15 conj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 so so ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 21 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 work work VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 pairs pair NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 one one PRON PRP Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 27 to to PART TO _ 28 mark _ _ 28 bend bend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 joint joint NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 32 one one PRON PRP Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 33 to to PART TO _ 34 mark _ _ 34 straighten straighten VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 35 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 obj _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **move** | can | Bones | | | bones's own | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on own=Trajectory | | 2 | **pull** | present | muscles | | | | | on bones *= bone* | vn push-12-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent on they=Theme | | 3 | **pull** | gerund | muscles *not said here* | | | | | always *property* | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **not** **push** | gerund | muscles *not said here* | | | | | | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **work** | present | bones *= bone* | | | | | in pairs | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in pair=Theme | | 6 | **bend** | to-infinitive | one | a joint | | | | | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent joint=Material | | 7 | **straighten** | to-infinitive | one | joint | | | | | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:064-cells-bones-and-muscles.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Cells, bones and muscles, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/2/) - next →: [Cells, bones and muscles, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/)