--- title: A giraffe's heart weighs about 11 kg and pumps at about twice the pr… — The heart and blood · tree and pragmatics description: A giraffe's heart weighs about 11 kg and pumps at about twice the pressure of ours to push blood some 2 metres up its neck to the brain, and special blood vessels in its neck stop it fainting when it lifts its head after drinking. Who acts: heart, special blood vessels, blood. A sentence of the less --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/65-the-heart-and-blood/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The heart and blood](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/65-the-heart-and-blood/) / 15 # The heart and blood, sentence 15 A giraffe's heart weighs about 11 kg and pumps at about twice the pressure of ours to push blood some 2 metres up its neck to the brain, and special blood vessels in its neck stop it fainting when it lifts its head after drinking. **Who acts:** heart, special blood vessels, blood · **What happens:** weigh, pump, push, stop, faint, lift · **To what, where:** 11 kg, pressure, blood, head, ours This is a sentence of the lesson «The heart and blood» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heart, special blood vessels, blood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:065-the-heart-and-blood.lesson:15 # text = A giraffe's heart weighs about 11 kg and pumps at about twice the pressure of ours to push blood some 2 metres up its neck to the brain, and special blood vessels in its neck stop it fainting when it lifts its head after drinking. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 065-the-heart-and-blood.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:det 2 giraffe giraffe NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss _ _ 3 's 's PART POS _ 2 case _ _ 4 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 weighs weigh VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 about about ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 11 11 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 8 nummod _ _ 8 kg kg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 pumps pump VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 11 at at ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 12 about about ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 13 twice twice ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 15 advmod _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 pressure pressure NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 ours our PRON PRP Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod _ _ 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 push push VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl _ _ 20 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 21 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 23 det _ _ 22 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 23 nummod _ _ 23 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 24 up up ADP IN _ 26 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 25 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ _ 26 neck neck NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 27 to to ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 brain brain NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=34:punct 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 32 special special ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 33 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 compound _ _ 34 vessels vessel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 nsubj _ _ 35 in in ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ _ 37 neck neck NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 38 stop stop VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 39 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obj _ _ 40 fainting faint VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 38 xcomp _ _ 41 when when SCONJ WRB _ 43 mark _ _ 42 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 nsubj _ _ 43 lifts lift VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 advcl _ _ 44 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 45 nmod:poss _ _ 45 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obj _ _ 46 after after SCONJ IN _ 47 mark _ _ 47 drinking drink VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 43 advcl _ _ 48 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=38:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **weigh** | present | a giraffe's heart | 11 kg | | | | | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme kg=Value | | 2 | **pump** | present | a giraffe's heart *not said here* | | | the pressure of ours | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme at pressure=Destination | | 3 | **push** | to-infinitive | a giraffe's heart *not said here* | blood | | | | up blood's neck; to the brain | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent blood=Theme metre=Destination | | 4 | **stop** | present | special blood vessels in blood's neck | blood | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **faint** | gerund | special blood vessels in blood's neck *not said here* | | | | | | vn change\_bodily\_state-40.8.4 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 6 | **lift** | present | blood | blood's head | | | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme | | 7 | **drink** | gerund | blood *not said here* | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **press** | | | ours | | | | | nom pressure «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:065-the-heart-and-blood.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The heart and blood, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/65-the-heart-and-blood/14/) - next →: [The heart and blood, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/65-the-heart-and-blood/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/65-the-heart-and-blood/)