---
title: The nose warms and moistens air, and its hairs and sticky mucus catc… — Lungs and breathing · tree and pragmatics
description: The nose warms and moistens air, and its hairs and sticky mucus catch dust and germs before they reach the lungs. Who acts: nose, hairs. A sentence of the lesson «Lungs and breathing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Lungs and breathing, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nose warms and moistens air, and its hairs and sticky mucus catch dust and germs before they reach the lungs.

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**Who acts:** nose, hairs · **What happens:** warm, moisten, catch, reach · **To what, where:** air, dust, lungs

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Lungs and breathing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nose, hairs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:066-lungs-and-breathing.lesson:12
# text = The nose warms and moistens air, and its hairs and sticky mucus catch dust and germs before they reach the lungs.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 066-lungs-and-breathing.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	warms	warm	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	moistens	moisten	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	sticky	sticky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	mucus	mucus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
14	catch	catch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
18	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	reach	reach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warm** | present | the nose |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **moisten** | present | the nose *not said here* | air |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent air=Patient |
| 3 | **catch** | present | air's hairs and sticky mucus | dust and germs |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dust=Theme |
| 4 | **reach** | present | hairs *= hair* | the lungs |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent lung=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:066-lungs-and-breathing.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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