--- title: Cigarette smoke damages the tiny hairs that clean the airways and th… — Lungs and breathing · tree and pragmatics description: Cigarette smoke damages the tiny hairs that clean the airways and the alveoli and leaves sticky tar in the lungs, which is why smoking is banned near playgrounds in many places. Who acts: Cigarette smoke, tiny hairs. A sentence of the lesson «Lungs and breathing» of the biology course of Mova's prim --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/66-lungs-and-breathing/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Lungs and breathing](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/66-lungs-and-breathing/) / 16 # Lungs and breathing, sentence 16 Cigarette smoke damages the tiny hairs that clean the airways and the alveoli and leaves sticky tar in the lungs, which is why smoking is banned near playgrounds in many places. **Who acts:** Cigarette smoke, tiny hairs · **What happens:** damage, clean, leave, be · **To what, where:** tiny hairs, airways, sticky tar, lungs, playgrounds This is a sentence of the lesson «Lungs and breathing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cigarette smoke, tiny hairs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:066-lungs-and-breathing.lesson:16 # text = Cigarette smoke damages the tiny hairs that clean the airways and the alveoli and leaves sticky tar in the lungs, which is why smoking is banned near playgrounds in many places. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 066-lungs-and-breathing.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Cigarette cigarette NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 smoke smoke NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:compound 3 damages damage VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 hairs hair NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 7 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 8 clean clean VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 acl:relcl _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 airways airway NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=10:cc 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 alveoli alveolus NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 15 leaves leave VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=8:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 16 sticky sticky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 tar tar NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 lungs lung NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 22 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 27 nsubj _ _ 23 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop _ _ 24 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 27 advmod _ _ 25 smoking smoking NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj:pass _ _ 26 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux:pass _ _ 27 banned ban VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 parataxis _ _ 28 near near ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 playgrounds playground NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=29:nmod 33 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **damage** | present | Cigarette smoke | the tiny hairs | | | | | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hair=Patient | | 2 | **clean** | present | the tiny hairs | the airways and the alveoli | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent airway=Patient | | 3 | **leave** | present | the tiny hairs *not said here* | sticky tar | | the lungs | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent tar=Theme in lung=Location | | 4 | **is** | present · passive | | | | playgrounds | | in many places; ban *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:066-lungs-and-breathing.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Lungs and breathing, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/66-lungs-and-breathing/15/) - next →: [Lungs and breathing, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/66-lungs-and-breathing/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/66-lungs-and-breathing/)