--- title: It starts in the mouth: teeth cut and grind, and saliva wets the foo… — Digestion: the journey of a sandwich · tree and pragmatics description: It starts in the mouth: teeth cut and grind, and saliva wets the food and already begins turning the starch of the bread into sugar, which is why bread chewed for a long time tastes sweeter. Who acts: body, saliva, sugar. A sentence of the lesson «Digestion: the journey of a sandwich» of the biology --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/67-digestion-the-journey-of-a-sandwich/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Digestion: the journey of a sandwich](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/67-digestion-the-journey-of-a-sandwich/) / 1 # Digestion: the journey of a sandwich, sentence 1 It starts in the mouth: teeth cut and grind, and saliva wets the food and already begins turning the starch of the bread into sugar, which is why bread chewed for a long time tastes sweeter. **Who acts:** body, saliva, sugar · **What happens:** start, cut, grind, wet, begin, turn · **To what, where:** mouth, teeth, food, starch, sugar This is a sentence of the lesson «Digestion: the journey of a sandwich» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (body, saliva, sugar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:067-digestion-the-journey-of-a-sandwich.lesson:1 # text = It starts in the mouth: teeth cut and grind, and saliva wets the food and already begins turning the starch of the bread into sugar, which is why bread chewed for a long time tastes sweeter. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 067-digestion-the-journey-of-a-sandwich.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 starts start VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 mouth mouth NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 7 punct _ _ 7 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 8 cut cut VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 acl _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 grind grind VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 conj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 13 saliva saliva NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 14 wets wet VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 18 already already ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 19 begins begin VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 20 turning turn VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 19 xcomp _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 starch starch NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 bread bread NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 26 into into ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 sugar sugar NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 29 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 33 nsubj _ _ 30 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 cop _ _ 31 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 33 advmod _ _ 32 bread bread NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 33 chewed chew VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 acl:relcl _ _ 34 for for ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 36 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 38 tastes taste VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 parataxis _ _ 39 sweeter sweet ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 38 xcomp _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **start** | present | body | | | the mouth and teeth | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 2 | **cut** | participle | | teeth *not said here* | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **grind** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **wet** | present | saliva | the food | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent food=Patient | | 5 | **begin** | present | saliva *not said here* | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 6 | **turn** | gerund | saliva *not said here* | the starch of the bread | | sugar | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent starch=Theme into sugar=Trajectory | | 7 | **is** | present | sugar | | | | time | chew *property* | tree rules | | 8 | **taste** | present | | | | | | sweet *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:067-digestion-the-journey-of-a-sandwich.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Digestion: the journey of a sandwich, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/67-digestion-the-journey-of-a-sandwich/0/) - next →: [Digestion: the journey of a sandwich, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/67-digestion-the-journey-of-a-sandwich/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/67-digestion-the-journey-of-a-sandwich/)