--- title: Stub your toe and there is a strange gap: first a bump, then a momen… — The brain and nerves · tree and pragmatics description: Stub your toe and there is a strange gap: first a bump, then a moment later the ache arrives and you yell, because the signal has to travel all the way up your leg and spine to the brain, and pain signals are not the fastest ones. Who acts: you, strange gap, ache, signal. A sentence of the lesson «T --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/68-the-brain-and-nerves/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The brain and nerves](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/68-the-brain-and-nerves/) / 2 # The brain and nerves, sentence 2 Stub your toe and there is a strange gap: first a bump, then a moment later the ache arrives and you yell, because the signal has to travel all the way up your leg and spine to the brain, and pain signals are not the fastest ones. **Who acts:** you, strange gap, ache, signal, pain signals · **What happens:** stub, be, arrive, yell, have, travel · **To what, where:** toe, way, brain, fastest ones This is a sentence of the lesson «The brain and nerves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, strange gap, ache, signal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:068-the-brain-and-nerves.lesson:2 # text = Stub your toe and there is a strange gap: first a bump, then a moment later the ache arrives and you yell, because the signal has to travel all the way up your leg and spine to the brain, and pain signals are not the fastest ones. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 068-the-brain-and-nerves.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 Stub stub VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 3 toe toe NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=1:cc 5 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 6 expl _ _ 6 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 strange strange ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 gap gap NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 10 : : PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 11 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 13 advmod _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 bump bump NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 appos _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 15 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 17 advmod _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 moment moment NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:nmod:unmarked 18 later late ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 21 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:advmod 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 ache ache NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:appos 21 arrives arrive VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 advcl _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 23 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 yell yell VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 26 because because SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 signal signal NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 29 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 advcl _ _ 30 to to PART TO _ 31 mark _ _ 31 travel travel VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 xcomp _ _ 32 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 34 det:predet _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl:unmarked _ _ 35 up up ADP IN _ 37 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=37:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 36 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ _ 37 leg leg NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=31:obj 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=37:cc 39 spine spine NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 conj _ _ 40 to to ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 brain brain NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 43 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 45 pain pain NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 compound _ _ 46 signals signal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 51 nsubj _ _ 47 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 cop _ _ 48 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 51 advmod _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 50 fastest fast ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 51 amod _ _ 51 ones one NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=1:parataxis 52 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - indirect: yes - teacher: changed act=assert, indirect=1 | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **stub** | imperative | you *not said here* | your toe | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer toe=Patient | | 2 | **be** | present | a strange gap | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **arrive** | present | the ache | | | | | late *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **yell** *speech: express* | present | you | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **have** | present | the signal | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **travel** | to-infinitive | the signal *not said here* | all way | | the brain | | up your leg and spine | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to brain=Destination | | 7 | **not** **is a** | present | pain signals | the fastest ones | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:068-the-brain-and-nerves.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The brain and nerves, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/68-the-brain-and-nerves/1/) - next →: [The brain and nerves, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/68-the-brain-and-nerves/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/68-the-brain-and-nerves/)