--- title: Almost all its life is in and around the sea: the Southern Ocean swa… — Antarctica: penguins, seals and the coldest plac… · tree and pragmatics description: Almost all its life is in and around the sea: the Southern Ocean swarms with krill, tiny shrimp-like animals that feed whales, seals, penguins, fish and seabirds, so krill are the bottom of almost every Antarctic menu. Who acts: life, Southern Ocean, tiny animals, krill. A sentence of the lesson «An --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/7-antarctica/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Antarctica: penguins, seals and the co…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/7-antarctica/) / 1 # Antarctica: penguins, seals and the coldest place on Earth, sentence 1 Almost all its life is in and around the sea: the Southern Ocean swarms with krill, tiny shrimp-like animals that feed whales, seals, penguins, fish and seabirds, so krill are the bottom of almost every Antarctic menu. **Who acts:** life, Southern Ocean, tiny animals, krill · **What happens:** be, swarm, feed · **To what, where:** sea, whales, bottom This is a sentence of the lesson «Antarctica: penguins, seals and the coldest place on Earth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (life, Southern Ocean, tiny animals, krill), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:007-antarctica.lesson:1 # text = Almost all its life is in and around the sea: the Southern Ocean swarms with krill, tiny shrimp-like animals that feed whales, seals, penguins, fish and seabirds, so krill are the bottom of almost every Antarctic menu. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 007-antarctica.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Almost almost ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 2 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 4 det:predet _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:det:predet|HaikuPos=DET:DT:PronType=Tot 3 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ _ 4 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 around around ADP IN _ 6 conj _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 11 : : PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 Southern Southern PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 Ocean Ocean PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 15 swarms swarm VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 parataxis _ _ 16 with with ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 krill krill NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 19 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 20 shrimp shrimp NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 21 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 22 punct _ _ 22 like like ADP IN _ 23 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=23:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 23 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 appos _ _ 24 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 25 nsubj _ _ 25 feed feed VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 acl:relcl _ _ 26 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 seals seal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 conj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 30 penguins penguin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 conj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 32 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 conj _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 seabirds seabird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 conj _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 36 so so ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 37 krill krill NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ _ 38 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 bottom bottom NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 conj _ _ 41 of of ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 42 almost almost ADV RB _ 45 advmod _ _ 43 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 45 det _ _ 44 Antarctic Antarctic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 menu menu NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nmod _ _ 46 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | ice's life | | | the sea | | | tree rules | | 2 | **swarm** | present | the Southern Ocean | | | | | with krill | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with krill=Theme | | 3 | **feed** | present | tiny animals | | whales and seals and penguins and fish and seabirds | | | | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whale=Recipient | | 4 | **is a** | present | krill | the bottom | | | | of every Antarctic menu | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:007-antarctica.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Antarctica: penguins, seals and the co…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/7-antarctica/0/) - next →: [Antarctica: penguins, seals and the co…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/7-antarctica/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/7-antarctica/)