--- title: The animals beat the cold by teamwork and clever bodies: emperor pen… — Antarctica: penguins, seals and the coldest plac… · tree and pragmatics description: The animals beat the cold by teamwork and clever bodies: emperor penguins huddle in a blizzard and take turns in the warm middle, icefish carry natural antifreeze, and seals keep breathing holes open in the ice. Who acts: animals, emperor penguins, icefish, seals. A sentence of the lesson «Antarctic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/7-antarctica/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Antarctica: penguins, seals and the co…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/7-antarctica/) / 2 # Antarctica: penguins, seals and the coldest place on Earth, sentence 2 The animals beat the cold by teamwork and clever bodies: emperor penguins huddle in a blizzard and take turns in the warm middle, icefish carry natural antifreeze, and seals keep breathing holes open in the ice. **Who acts:** animals, emperor penguins, icefish, seals · **What happens:** beat, huddle, take, carry, keep, breathe · **To what, where:** cold, blizzard, turns, warm middle, natural antifreeze, holes This is a sentence of the lesson «Antarctica: penguins, seals and the coldest place on Earth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (animals, emperor penguins, icefish, seals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:007-antarctica.lesson:2 # text = The animals beat the cold by teamwork and clever bodies: emperor penguins huddle in a blizzard and take turns in the warm middle, icefish carry natural antifreeze, and seals keep breathing holes open in the ice. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 007-antarctica.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 beat beat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:det 5 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 obj _ _ 6 by by ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 teamwork teamwork NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 9 clever clever ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 bodies body NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj _ _ 11 : : PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 12 emperor emperor NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 penguins penguin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 14 huddle huddle VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 15 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 blizzard blizzard NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 take take VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=14:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 20 turns turn NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 23 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 middle middle NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 icefish icefish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 27 carry carry VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 28 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 antifreeze antifreeze NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=34:punct 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 32 seals seal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ _ 33 keep keep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 conj _ _ 34 breathing breathe VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 33 xcomp _ _ 35 holes hole NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obj _ _ 36 open open ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 xcomp _ _ 37 in in ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **beat** | present | the animals | the cold | | | | by teamwork and clever bodies | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cold=Theme | | 2 | **huddle** | present | emperor penguins | | | a blizzard | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in blizzard=Location | | 3 | **take** | present | emperor penguins *not said here* | turns | | the warm middle | | | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent turn=Value in middle=Location | | 4 | **carry** | present | icefish | natural antifreeze | | | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent antifreeze=Theme | | 5 | **keep** | present | seals | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **breathe** | gerund | seals *not said here* | holes | | | | open *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:007-antarctica.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Antarctica: penguins, seals and the co…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/7-antarctica/1/) - next →: [Antarctica: penguins, seals and the co…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/7-antarctica/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/7-antarctica/)